Remaining resin content

The resin in the parenchyma cells is mainly composed of fatty acid esters (fats and waxes) and sterols. When wood is pulped, this resin usually remains encapsulated inside the parenchyma cells, while the oleoresin becomes dispersed in the liquor. This is particularly the case with spruce parenchyma cells, which have minute pores and rigid cell walls. Pine parenchyma cells have larger pores and release their resin more readily (Table 5-1). The resin content of acid sulfite spruce pulps can be effectively lowered by fiber fractionation. The situation is different for pine pulps in which the proportion of parenchyma cells is lower. 

USE Coloring oils, spirit lacquers, etc. also as stain for zoological, pathological, and vegetable objects like wax, cutin, resin, contents of lactiferous ducts, etc., which are colored red, while cellulose membranes remain uncolored. Approved by FDA for external use only. 

The initial resin replacements are diluted with acetone to facilitate the embedding procedure. The resin content of each replacement is increased by stages in the following way (1) the first addition of the acetone/resin mixture were in the proportion 50 50, (2) the second in the proportion 25 75, (3) the third in the proportion 10 90, and (4) the remaining two consisted of resin only. An example calculation is given at the end of the method. 

Stable emulsions are brown solid materials with an average water content of about 80% on the first day of formation and about the same one week later. Stable emulsions remain stable for at least four weeks under laboratory conditions. The properties of the starting oil are as follows density 0.85 to 0.97 g/mL, viscosity 15 to 10,000 mPa.s, resin content 5 to 30%, asphaltene content 3 to 20%, as-phaltene-to-resin ratio 0.74, and average increase in viscosity 1100 at day of formation and 1500 one week later. 

The first theories were based on the observation of two phases at the surface of rubber-resin adhesives. One, having high resin content, was assumed to act as sticky spots that adhere to the surface, while the other, with a low resin content, gave cohesion to the system [205], [206]. But some contradictions remained unresolved [207]. 

Moisture and Water Content. Resins are thoroughly washed with water upon completion of manufacture and conversion (if necessary) to another ionic form. Excess water is removed by vacuum draining or filtration. Nevertheless, a significant quantity of water associated with the functional groups and adhering to the outer surface of the resin particles remains with the resin as it is discharged into shipping containers. No effort is made to dry the resin, except in a few appHcation areas, since the resins are used in aqueous processes in most installations. 

In this zone, the quantity of extracted oil is generally sufficient to obtain the distribution of the different structural groups (SARA analysis) except for oil A (Fig. 6 to 9) For oil B (Fig. 6), for the first two samples, the amount of extracted products is too low and the analysis is uncertain. It can only be noticed that the asphaltene content is null. On the contrary, just beyond the coke zone (samples III-IV), the asphaltene content respectively reaches 12.9 and 5 4 whereas the asphaltene content of the initial oil is only 0.3. This effect is also observed for oil C (10 versus 6.3%) (Fig. 7), D 24% versus 13.8 ) (Fig. 8), E (24 4 versus 8.1 ) (Fig. 9) For all the oils, the amount of resins+asphaltenes generally remains constant and the amount of saturates increases... 

Aromatics Resins — Asphaltenes — coke where the resin + asphaltene content remains constant and asphaltenes are the main precursors of coke. The same observations have been made in low-temperature oxidation experiments (6). 

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