Reliability, changes

Dose effect studies with well-known drugs can be used to determine the sensitivity of different assessment methods in experiments of this kind the lowest dose of a given drug that leads to reliable changes from baseline on a particular parameter can be considered a marker of its sensitivity. An assessment method is recognized as being particularly sensitive when it indicates a drug effect at doses that do not yet induce effects on other parameters measured at the same time. 

A method developed for the analysis of a specific sample cannot always be applied with the same reliability for the analysis of another type of sample. The provenance of the analyte and the type of the analyte influence the reliability of the method. To obtain maximum reliability, changing the values for some of the parameters is necessary. 

The number of instrument QC checks typically represents about 5% of the total number of measurements made for a set of samples. The QC data and records of problems and responses should be kept accessible for the fife of the instrument, and possibly beyond, to indicate the extent of instrument reliability. Changes in values may be examined for periodic patterns related to parameters such as temperature or airborne radon concentrations to consider remedial measures. 

MODELING OF MSS RELIABILITY CHANGES BY DIRECT PARTIAL LOGIC DERIVATIVE... 

Two groups of DRIs are determined and are considered in papers (Zaitseva 2003, Zaitseva et al. 2007, Zaitseva and Puuronen 2008). They are CDRIs and DIRIs. CDRIs are estimates of the influence of state change(s) in one or some system component(s) on the change of system reliabiUty. DIRIs are another group of DRIs representing probabilities of system reliability changes when one or some system components state changes. But these indices are defined for two states of system only a MSS failure or repair of this system. 

In the finer scale, as can be seen in Fig. 3, is trend of reliability change at the U2 and U3 nodes much more expressive. Nevertheless the, finer scale reveals also reliability change only on the second place behind last 9 , and that only within one point. Variation of unreliability result is therefore maximum 1 %. 

Earlier it was found that the PL composition and physicochemical properties of lipids from the liver of the laboratory mice significantly differ depending on the season [4-6, 16], Lecithin (L) is a mixture of the natural lipids among which PC is the main fiaction of PL (86-90%), however, the different samples of L also have not identical composition of lipids [9], In this connection it is necessary to note the presence of the substantial differences between the initial lipid composition and lipids of the formed liposomes [6,9], As seen from data presented in Table 1, there are the reliable changes both the ratio of the sums of the more easily oxidizable to the more poorly oxidizable fi actions of PL which characterize the ability of lipids to fhe oxidation and the PC to PE ratio (PC/PE) which is one of the parameters characterizing the membrane stmctural state between the initial and formed liposome lipids [6, 7],... 

Whereas along W lines useful information about microstructure was obtained, this cannot be claimed for corresponding IPM lines. Along these lines no reliable changes can be observed. We can only assume that the samples along each line experience similar environment or at least there is no dramatical changes. 

ABSTRACT Goodtech and Statnett SF have developed an online regularity calculator with minimal delay between acquisition of process values and presentation of regularity indices for the power grid. The simulation tool cdculates the probability of failure on every component in the system and combined with a flow model, the reliability of power supply for every load branch. In order to analyze and understand all risk and reliability changes every 10 minutes for the large network a new representation method must be developed and tested. 

Table 7-5 System Reliability Change Due to Doubling the Component Failure Rate.23...

Reactor and Core 1.0 Not enough information is available at tills time to assign a reliability number for the reactor or to show how the reactor reliability changes with different system configurations. None Leak to space, Control Rod echanism Allure, Stops producing heat 100.00%... 

This section summarizes system reliability sensitivity studies based on varying the assumed reliability for a given component. Failure rates (1.0 minus the reliability value) were used as the sensitivity range for component reliabilities to test effects of component reliability changes on system reliability. Table 7-9 provides the ranges for the sensitivity study based on failure rates of one unit of each component. Each of the components in the analyzed systems proved to be a significant factor. 

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