Regulatory uses United States

Electric Power Research Institute, United States of America US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, United States of America Independent Consultant, USA Framatome ANP, Germany Hitachi Ltd., Japan... 

United States Environmental Protection Agency, Harmonization and Regulatory Coordination, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. Also available on the World Wide Web http //www.epa.gov/oppfeadMntemational/harmonization.html. 

In 2006, the combined worldwide pharmaceutical market was around US 643 billion. The distribution of the market (in US billion) is shown in Table 1.1. From this data, it is evident that the United States, Europe, and Japan account for almost 85% of the worldwide pharmaceutical market. The regulatory authorities in these countries are hence very important to the pharmaceutical companies to ensure their products are approved for commercialization. 

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is required by the US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act to regulate drug products in the United States. Its role is to ensure that drugs are developed, manufactured, and marketed in accordance with regulatory requirements so that they are safe and effective. The FDA has four centers and a regulatory office ... 

Action Level A regulatory standard, especially used by the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for air contaminants, to indicate an unhealthy concentration of a substance. The US action level for arsenic in air is 5 mg m-3 averaged over an eight-hour period (29 Code of Federal Regulations 1910.1018). If an action level is exceeded, efforts must be made to protect individuals from exposure to the contaminant, reduce the concentration, and possibly monitor or treat exposed individuals. In general, action levels are 50 % of the permissible exposure limit (PEL) (compare with threshold limit value). 

Why is it, if indirect liquefaction processes are technically proven, the demand exists and is getting stronger for petroleum substitutes and there is so much coal available to us that people aren t standing in line to build coal liquefaction facilities in the United States today The answer is fairly simple. There are so many uncertainties associated with commercialization — not only technological, but also institutional, legal and regulatory— that the large capital investments required seem too risky to make. Coal liquefaction facilities are capital-intensive with cost in excess of 1 billion. 

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