Regular spectrum

Figure 13-46 shows the normal decoupled 13C NMR spectrum of but-3-en-2-one (1), plus the DEPT-90 spectrum (2), and the DEPT-135 spectrum (3). Note that the carbonyl carbon (Cb, no protons) appears only in the regular spectrum. Cc, with 1 proton, appears normally in all the spectra. Cd, with two protons, appears as a negative peak in the DEPT-135 spectrum. Ca, the methyl carbon with three protons, vanishes in the DEPT-90 spectrum but appears as a normal peak in the DEPT-135 spectrum. 

Case 3 presents the situation where the accidental effluent has been managed, thanks to the photodegradability test. The characteristic shape of inlet UV spectrum is due to the presence of unknown absorbing compounds. Figure 26 presents the evolution of inlet UV spectrum according to irradiation time after 12 min, it can be noticed that the UV spectrum is quite close to a regular spectrum. The medium yield can be imputed to the low activity of biomass not yet adapted to new compounds. 

It was suggested by Percival [532] that a semiclassical system with N degrees of freedom executing bounded motion possesses either (i) a regular spectrum of bound states labelled by N quantum numbers for the case where there are N independent constants of the motion or (ii) an... 

The dialog box of the interactive mode (Fig. 10.10) consists of three small display boxes on the left panel in which you enter the spectrum of the mixture , the spectrum of the component B, and the multiplication factor (here 2.3), respectively. To scale the spectra be sure to place a mark in the Scale Spectra with factor box. On the right panel, the two spectra will be displayed in the top window and the result of the subtraction is shown in the bottom window. As in a regular spectrum window, you can use the zoom function to magnify a specific region of the spectra in both windows. You can set the... 

Irregular Spectrum Regular/Irregular Spectrum Regular Spectrum... 

These numbers are obtained by computer and can be plotted on top of the regular spectrum by choosing the integration mode. In this mode, at the onset of an absorption peak, the recorder pen moves vertically upward a distance proportional to the area under the peak. It then again moves horizontally until the next peak is reached, and so forth. A ruler can be used to measure the distance by which the horizontal hne is displaced at every... 

The energy level spectrum of the hamionic oscillator is completely regular. The ground state energy is given... 

Figure Al.6.11. Idealized UV absorption spectrum of CO2. Note the regular progression of intemiediate resolution vibrational progression. In the frequency regime this structure is interpreted as a Franck-Condon...

All regular fefrahedral molecules, which belong to fhe poinf group (Section 4.2.8), may show such a rofational spectrum. However, those spherical rotors that are regular octahedral molecules and that belong to the Of, point group (Section 4.2.9) do not show any such... 

Measurements of the characteristic X-ray line spectra of a number of elements were first reported by H. G. J. Moseley in 1913. He found that the square root of the frequency of the various X-ray lines exhibited a linear relationship with the atomic number of the element emitting the lines. This fundamental Moseley law shows that each element has a characteristic X-ray spectrum and that the wavelengths vary in a regular fiishion form one element to another. The wavelengths decrease as the atomic numbers of the elements increase. In addition to the spectra of pure elements, Moseley obtained the spectrum of brass, which showed strong Cu and weak Zn X-ray lines this was the first XRF analysis. The use of XRF for routine spectrochemical analysis of materials was not carried out, however, until the introduction of modern X-ray equipment in the late 1940s. 

In the first case, a typical emission spectrum of a thin layer melt is observed, because the emission from the bottom surface is negligible compared to that from the melt itself. In the second case, the relationship between the emission from the bottom surface and the emission from the melt is reversed, so that the spectrum reverts to being similar to a regular absorption spectrum. 

Recently, a / -dodecapeptide was found to display a CD spectrum in water which was very similar to that assigned to the 12/10-helix, with a single maximum near 200 nm. Careful NMR analysis however, revealed a predominantely extended conformation without regular secondary structure elements [174]. This result stresses that the CD signature assigned to the 12/10-structure might not be unique and again (see Section 2.2.3.1) that CD spectra must be interpreted with caution. 

The atomic spectra of most elements are complex and show little regularity. However, the emission spectrum of the hydrogen atom is sufficiently simple to be described by a single formula ... 

Fig. 4 a IR spectra, in the OH stretching region, of from top to bottom, TS-1 samples (full line spectra) with increasing Ti content, from 0 (silicalite-1, dashed spectrum) to 2.64 atoms per imit cell. All samples have been activated at 120 °C. Adapted from [24] with permission. Copyright (2001) by the ACS. b Schematic representation of the preferential location of Ti atoms and Si vacancies in the MFI framework (upper part) and their interplay (lower part). Yellow and red sticks represents Si and O of the regular MFI lattice blue balls refer to Ti, and red and white balls to O and H of defective internal OH groups... 

A series of NFS spectra of the spin-crossover complex [Fe(tpa)(NCS)2] were recorded over a wide temperature range [45]. A selection of spectra around the spin-crossover transition temperature is shown in Fig. 9.13. At 133 K, the regular quantum-beat structure reflects the quadrupole splitting from the pure high-spin (HS) phase, and the envelope of the spectrum represents the dynamical beating with a minimum around 200 ns. Below the transition, at 83 K, the QBs appear with lower frequency because of smaller AEq of the low-spin (LS) phase. Here the minima of... 

---