Sunflower oil refined

Figure 9. Temperature dependence of the dynamic viscosity (cP) of refined sunflower oil [based on (28)].

Smoke Point, Fiash Point, and Fire Point The smoke point, flash point, and fire point of an oil are relevant parameters in deep-fat frying processes. The fatty acid composition of the oil is not relevant (unless the oil has short-chain fatty acids, as is the case of butter or coconut oil). The most important effect is generally that of free fatty acids (FFA) in the oil. The following values have been reported for fully refined sunflower oil (with 0.10% free fatty acids) smoke point = 209°C flash point = 316°C fire point = 341°C (5). 

Figure 10. Thermograms of a refined sunflower oil and of a refined soybean oil (32).

TABLE 9. AOM Time (hr) for Refined Sunflower Oils of Different Oleic Acid Content [based on (36)]. 

Cold Stability of Refined Sunflower Oil Sunflower oil waxes are fatty alcohol esters of fatty acids. Their melting point is around 75°C, and their solubility in the oil is low, leading to the appearance of turbidity in the refined oil with decreasing temperature. An oil s cold stability is usually assessed by means of the cold test (method AOCS Cc 7-25). Oils passing the cold test will remain clear—without the appearance of turbidity—after 5.5 hours permanence at 0°C. The solubility of waxes in sunflower oil is shown in Figure 21 as a function of... 

Another problem concerning refined sunflower oil is that the wax precipitate may appear several days upon elaboration, even for oils successfully passing quahty control checks carried out by means of the cold test. The precipitate, although not affecting the nutritional or organoleptic properties of the oil, will be considered as an impurity by the consumer and should be avoided for oils commercialized in transparent bottles. 

Diterpenic, phytyl, and geranylgeranyl esters were reported in olive and sunflower oils, but benzyl esters were only detected in olive oils (78). The wax esters of sunflower oil were found to have carbon atom numbers between 36 and 48, with a high concentration in the C-40-C-42 fraction (79). Waxes in dewaxed and refined sunflower oils mainly contained <42 carbon atoms indicating selective retention after refining. 

The phospholipid content of fully refined sunflower oil must be low. The oil processing industry uses phosphorus (P) as a measure of phospholipids, because of the specific molecular relationship between phosphorus and phospholipids. It is not difficult to reduce the phospholipid content of sunflower oil by chemical or physical refining process, which will be discussed in Sections 5.10 and 5.11. 

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed oil Super Refined Sunflower Oil TrI-K Sunflower Oil Tri-OI SUN Univegoil SUNFL 8001-22-7... 

Experiments were carried out using soybean oil, canola oil, refined com oil, refined cottonseed oil, refined sunflower oil, refined palm oil, and refined coconut oil obtained from commercial sources. Biobased lubricant oils used in this study are given in table 14.1. 

Silva FAM, Borges F, FerreiraMA. Effects of phenolic propyl esters on the oxidative stability of refined sunflower oil. J Agric Food Chem 2001 49 3936-3941. 

Chemat, F., Grondin, L, Costes, R, Moutoussamy, L., Sing, A.S.C. and Smadja, J. 2004, High power ultrasound effects on lipid oxidation of refined sunflower oil, Ultrason. Sonochem. 11 281-285. 

Figure 6. Spectra of n-hexane extracts of com (1), olive (2) linseed (3) and sunflower (4) oils (1,2 and 3- 100 mg oil / 900 pi n-hexan 4-250 mg oil / 750 pi n-hexan). Inset A-com oil B-sunflower oil (cold pressed) C-refined sunflower oil D-linseed oil E-olive oil.

We determined the polyenic acid and the vitamin E content in seven brands of cold pressed sunflower oil and in four brands of extracted, refined sunflower oil (Table IV). 

Table IV. Polyunsaturated fatty acid and vitamin E content in cold pressed and extracted, refined sunflower oils...

Chem. Descrip. High-purity, molecularly dist. monoglyceride prepared from refined sunflower oil and glycerin with TBHQ and citric acid Ionic Nature Nonionic... 

Zeolites of mordenite, beta and X Impregnation with sodium acetate then calcined at 550°C for 15 h Refined sunflower oil in methanol (ratio 6 1)... 

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