Recovery of bromine

Later, recovery of bromine from brine wells in Midland County, Michigan was developed. Brines in Michigan, Ohio, and West Virginia suppHed the principal portion of production in the United States until 1935. Michigan brines are stiU a source of bromine today. A significant source of bromine in 1991 came from wells in southwest Arkansas. Bromine is found in Seades Lake brine and was produced there at one time, but commercial extraction has been discontinued. 

Recovery Process. Commercial processes depend on the oxidation of bromide to bromine. Most of the Hberated bromine remains dissolved in the brine. The brine is then stripped of bromine followed by recovery of bromine from the stripping agent. Subsequent purification by distillation is often a final step. 

Fig. 3. Steaming-out process for recovery of bromine from high bromide brines (22).

Excellent recoveries of bromine (bromide) were obtained on soil samples by this procedure (Table 12.3). 

Table IV. Recovery of Brominated Organics From Glass Fiber Filters...

Fig. 12.—Recovery of Bromine from Carnallite Mother-liquors...

Our observations are summarized as follows (1) no induction period, (2) fast alcohol oxidation in an oxygen-poor liquid phase, (3) no carboxylic acids from the higher alcohols, (4) slow oxidation of lauryl aldehyde to lauric acid in the presence of water, and (5) recovery of bromine in the organic phase on reaction completion. These data show that the reaction is not a radical chain process but rather a bromine oxidation in which the halogen is continuously regenerated, as shown in Reactions 1 through 7. 

With these results we are able to adapt the SCWO-process together with industrial partners to printed circuit boards and shredder residues. Our strategy consists in the oxidation of organic components to recovprocess energy, the recovery of inert components e.g. metals and glas fibers and the recovery of bromine. 

Figure 6 Schematic diagram of double-chamber apparatus for electrosorption recovery of bromine from seawater 1. activated carbon 2. titanium current carriers 3. hydrophilic diaphragm.

Absorphon of CO2 in aqueous solutions of MEA absorption of H2S and mercaptans in aqueous soluhons of alkanolatnines and caushc soda absorption of carbon monoxide in aqueous cuprous ammonium chloride solutions absorphon of lower olefins in aqueous soluhons of cuprous ammonium compounds absorption of pure chlorine in aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide conversion of dithiocarbamates to thiuram disulfides sulfonation of aromatic compounds with lean SO3 recovery of bromine from lean aqueous solutions of bromides reactions of importance in pyrometallurgy absorphon of CO2 in aqueous solutions of caustic alkahes and amine absorption of O2 in aqueous solutions of sodium dithionite absorphon of O2 in aqueous sodium sulfite soluhons absorption of O2 in alkaline solutions containing the sodium salt of 1,4-napthaquinone- 2-sulfonic acid (NQSA) special case role of diffusion in the absorption of gases in blood in the human body. 

The halogens are so reactive that they are found naturally only as compounds. The first mineral found to contain bromine (bro-margyrite, AgBr) was discovered in Mexico in 1841, and industrial production of bromides followed the discovery of the giant Stassfurt potash deposits in Germany in 1858. All methods of bromine production depend on the oxidation of bromide ions. There are no naturally occurring oxygen salts of bromine that would act as a source of the element. Commercial recovery of bromine from brines and from seawater involves the oxidation of the bromide ions in solution with CI2 to free elemental bro-... 

Figure 21. Recovery of bromine from residues containing brominated organics...

Suction chiller bottoms usually is a waste product, and one that requires carefiil handling in its disposal. Recovery of bromine fiem the solution usually is not warranted. 

Wauters, C. N., Winnick, J. (1996). Recovery of bromine from waste gas-phase hydrogen bromide streams using an electrolytic membrane. Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 143(9), L184-L185. 

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