Recording systems, types

NUMBER AND TYPE OF RECORDS System and equipment failure data from 2,600... 

Field studies in at least two paddies where the sediment has different characteristics of pH, texture and organic carbon contents are required for registration purposes. Since especially clay content and organic carbon content affect the agrochemical behavior in sediments, it is desirable that both systems have widely different characteristics with respect to these two criteria. These paddies should have cultivation history records on type of crop, variety, and agrochemical applications for at least 5 years. 

Quite often a normal electron ionization mass spectrum appears insufficient for reliable analyte identification. In this case additional mass spectral possibilities may be engaged. For example, the absence of the molecular ion peak in the electron ionization spectrum may require recording another type of mass spectrum of this analyte by means of soft ionization (chemical ionization, field ionization). The problem of impurities interfering with the spectra recorded via a direct inlet system may be resolved using GC/MS techniques. The value of high resolution mass spectrometry is obvious as the information on the elemental composition of the molecular and fragment ions is of primary importance. 

Compare HPLC with GC in terms of (a) the force that moves the mobile phase through the stationary phase, (b) the nature of the mobile phase, (c) how the stationary phase is held in place, (d) what types of chromatography are applicable, (e) application of vapor pressure concepts, (f) sample injection, (g) mechanisms of separation, (h) detection systems, (i) recording systems, and (j) data obtained. 

Besides the direct electrical induction of electro-optical effects in liquid crystals, their activation by illumination of photoconductors could be of great technical interest. This method might well permit the electro-optical properties of nematic liquid crystals to be used on a larger scale, because photoconductor activation may eventually be applied to light amplification, optical data processing, and projection display systems, or used for recording phase-type holograms. 

Commercially available GC-MS systems present major differences in their detection and recording system. Many quadrupole instruments use SIM for the determination of analytes at trace levels. With this type of instrumentation, more than 1-10 ng of the analyte is required to record a full-scan mass spectrum. In contrast, instruments based on ion-trap technology can record a full-scan mass spectrum on an analyte at pg level. With SIM, a limited number of ions are monitored during a selected time interval of the chromatogram. The presence of the analyte is determined by the presence of these diagnostic ions at the correct retention time and in the correct abundance ratio (33). 

Anderson (1978) recommended the rabbit detrusor muscle as an unique in vitro smooth muscle preparation. Rabbit detrusor muscles are thin and devoid of underlying submucosal tissue with parallel fiber orientation. The tissue exhibits autorhythmicity, characteristic of most single unit type smooth muscle preparations and can be employed in either isometric or isotonic organ bath recording systems. 

Data sheets are an alternative to a data book. These can be of a standardized design, as shown in Fig. 3.2, with spaces for each type of data to be filled in. The advantage of this system is that it is easy to see at a glance whether a particular piece of data has been obtained for a compound. However, two disadvantages of the fixed format data sheet are it does not provide the flexibility which is often required to record diverse types of data used to characterize any particular compound and it tends to encourage the mistaken idea that every compound requires the same characterization data. 

Generally, three types of recording systems are used 10 record the output signals of mass and temperature from the thermobalance. They are (1) strip-chart potentiometric recorders, (2) X-Y or X-YlY2 recorders, and (3) multipoint potentiometric recorders. These recording systems are sche-... 

Figure 3.15. Types of recording systems used in ihermobalances. (a) strip-chart potentiometric recorder irl -Y-> or recorders ...

System type Web-based (no software or hardware required), server supports simultaneous recording, software-based... 

Resulting signal is amplified electronically and recorded by the data system Types of multipliers ... 

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