Reconstitution exposure levels

Hany J, Lilienthal H, Sarasin A, et al. 1999b. Developmental exposure of rats to a reconstituted PCB mixture or Aroclor 1254 Effects on organ weights, aromatase activity, sex hormone levels, and sweet preference behavior. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 158 231-243. 

In the Slovak pilot study the cadmium content was investigated in human milk and reconstituted infant formula obtained from the Lactarium of the Pediatric Hospital in Bratislava (Table 18) (Ursmyova and Hladikova, 1997). The calculated median intakes of cadmium from human milk and infant formula were similar and they represent 8.0 and 9.6% of PTWI, respectively. The calculated intake of cadmium by maximum oral exposure scenario via neither human milk nor infant formula did not exceed the PTWI level. 

Exposure from antineoplastics in hospital pharmacies and wards during reconstitution of parenteral medicines is monitored and evaluated by assessing contamination levels in air, on surfaces or personnel (blood, urine). Publications originate from all over the world, for example in the Netherlands [33-37, 54], in Sweden [55], Germany [56-58], UK [59], Italy [60, 61], France [62-64], US and Canada [65, 66] and Japan [67]. 

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