Reagent/catalyst immobilization

Polymer supported reagents, catalysts, protecting groups, and mediators can be used in place of the corresponding small molecule materials (Sherrington, 1991 Sundell and Nasman, 1993). The reactive species is tightly bound to a macromolecular support which immobilizes it. This generally makes toxic, noxious, or corrosive materials much safer. The use of polystyrene sulfonic acid catalyst for the manufacture of methyl r-butyl... 

Other possible classifications of flow-through sensors have been excluded from Fig. 2.4 because they are either of little consequence or dealt with in other sections below. Such is the case with the classification based on whether one or more of the active reaction ingredients (analyte, reagent, catalyst, reaction product) is immobilized temporarily or permanently on the active microzone. In addition, the immobilization process may involve one or several active components. 

Some continuous systems integrate reaction and detection in a flow-cell, but no catalyst or reagent is immobilized —rather, the reagent is produced in... 

The study of the possible cooperation of the photo-Fenton reagent with a semiconductor photocatalyst showed that the Fenton catalyst immobilized in Ti02 reveals enhanced photocatalytic activity and is more effective in pollutant degradation this was revealed in the case of such electron donors as citric acid [20], maleic acid [41], chlorinated solvents [42], resorcinol [43], quinoline [44], herbicides [45, 46], and pesticides [47], The optimization of the combined photocatalytic systems... 

The multi-step synthesis of the alkaloid natural product ( )-oxomaritidine was performed with microfluidic pumping systems feeding various packed columns containing immobilized reagents, catalysts, scavengers or catch-and-release... 

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