Degradation of pollutants

Reported redox potentials of laccases are lower than those of non-phenolic compounds, and therefore these enzymes cannot oxidize such substances [7]. However, it has been shown that in the presence of small molecules capable to act as electron transfer mediators, laccases are also able to oxidize non-phenolic structures [68, 69]. As part of their metabolism, WRF can produce several metabolites that play this role of laccase mediators. They include compounds such as /V-hvdi oxvacetan i I ide (NHA), /V-(4-cyanophenyl)acetohydroxamic acid (NCPA), 3-hydroxyanthranilate, syringaldehyde, 2,2 -azino-bis(3-ethylben-zothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP), violuric acid, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT), 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpipperidin-iV-oxide radical and acetovanillone, and by expanding the range of compounds that can be oxidized, their presence enhances the degradation of pollutants [3]. 

Microorganisms involved in the degradation of pollutants in sludge under... 

Lee, R.F., Ryan, C. (1979) Microbial degradation of organochlorine compounds in estuarine waters and sediments. In Proceedings of the Workshop of Microbial Degradation of Pollutants in Marine Environments. EPA-600/9-79-012. Washington, D.C. 

Several articles have reviewed the ongoing work in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants that involve oxidation or reduction processes (depending on the experimental conditions) [16,18,187,265-273], The addition of external oxidants such as ozone or hydrogen peroxide during the photocatalytic process can improve the degradation of the organic material when they are added in suitable doses [274-275],... 

Figure 1. Schematic presentation of microbial degradation of pollutants (red dots) in a soil...

Pichat, P. Photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water and air basic concepts and applications. In Tarr MA, editor. Chemical degradation methods for wastes and pollutants - environmental and industrial applications. New York Marcel Dekker 2003 77-119. 

Bajpai, P. Microbial degradation of pollutants in pulp mill effluents. Adv. Appl. Microbiol. 2001, 48, 79-134. 

Chapman, P. J. (1979). Degradation mechanisms. In Proceedings of the Workshop Microbial Degradation of Pollutants in Marine Environments, ed. A. W. Bourquin P. H. Pritchard, pp. 28-66. Gulf Breeze, FL U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

Lee, R.F., Ryan, C. (1979) Microbial degradation of organochlorine compounds in estuarine waters and sediments. In Proceedings of the Workshop of Microbial Degradation of Pollutants in Marine Environments. EPA-600/9-79-012. Washington D.C. Lee, S., Pardue, J.H., Moe, W.M., Valsaraj, K.T. (2003) Mineralization of desorption-resistant 1,4-dichlorobenzene in wetland soils. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 22, 2312-2322. 

The main objective of advanced oxidation processes involving ozone, UV light, and hydrogen peroxide is the removal or degradation of pollutants... 

As can be observed from Table 12, these studies on the application of advanced oxidations cover a wide range of uses, including degradation of pollutants [197,210,211,213,217-220], disinfection [197,215], maintenance of swimming-pools [216], and treatment of cooling waters [214], leachates [221], and domestic wastewater [222]. 

Wenzel A, Gahr A, Niessner R. TOC removal and degradation of pollutants in leachate using a thin-film photoreactor. Water Res 1999 33 937-946. 

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