Reactive oxygen species vitamin

Vitamin C is a water-soluble enzyme in the body. It acts as a potent antioxidant, protecting against damage by reactive oxygen species. Vitamin C also has a role in making cross links between amino acids in collagen. 

P450 Mono-oxygenase System Reactive Oxygene Species Oxidative Stress Vitamin C Vitamin E... 

Ascorbic acid [71] and vitamin E [72] are powerful scavengers of reactive oxygen species and are known to enhance the sensitivity of vascular tissue to organic nitrates. Also the local concentration of NO due to administration of GTN is greatly enhanced by hypoxia [73]. 

Hanson, K. M., and Clegg, R. M. 2003. Bioconvertible vitamin antioxidants improve sunscreen photoprotection against UV-induced reactive oxygen species. J. Cosmet. Sci. 54 589-98. 

Vitamin C (ascorbate) (Fig. 9.5) has the ability to act as a reducing agent, i.e. it will tend to reduce more reactive species. This ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+may be important in promoting iron uptake in the gut. Oxidation of ascorbate by reaction with reactive oxygen species or reactive nitrogen species seems to lead to its depletion. In vitro, vitamin C can also exert pro-oxidant properties. Fe3+ can react with ascorbate to form Fe2+ and the semi-dehydroascorbate or ascorbyl radical. The latter can react with hydrogen peroxide to form Fe3+, the hydroxyl radical and a hydroxide anion. A key question with regard to the pro- or anti- oxidant effects of ascorbate may therefore be the availability of transition metal ions. Neurons main-... 

MPTP decreases glutathione levels and increases the levels of reactive oxygen species and the degree of lipid peroxidation in mouse brain slices in vitro and increases the levels of reactive oxygen species in mouse brain in vivo. MPTP neurotoxicity in vitro is reduced by glutathione. In vitro studies have shown that MPP neurotoxicity can be reduced by vitamin E, vitamin C, coenzyme Q, and mannitol (but not by superoxide dismutase, catalase, allopurinol, or dimethyl sulfoxide). P-Carotene, vitamin C, and /V-acctylcystcine partially protect against the neurotoxic effects of MPTP in mice, as do nicotinamide, coenzyme Q, and the free-radical spin trap A-tert-butyl-a-(sulfophenyl) nitrone. 

Kessopoulou, E., Powers, H.J., Sharma, K.K., Pearson, M.J., Russell, J.M., Cooke, I.D., and Barratt, C.L. 1995. A double-blind randomized placebo cross-over controlled trial using the antioxidant vitamin E to treat reactive oxygen species associated male infertility. Fertil. Steril. 

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