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Reactions of Alkyl Halides The Substitution Reaction

Riled n orbital of ethylene Empty 2/) orbital on BH3 Riled nonbonding orbital of methyl anion Empty o orbital of H—Cl Riled nonbonding orbital of ammonia, 5NH3 Empty o orbital of H—Cl Riled nonbonding orbital of hydroxide Empty o orbital of an O—H bond of H3O  [Pg.267]

PROBLEM 7.4 Identify the HOMOs and LUMOs in the reactions of Rgure 7.9. [Pg.267]

If we examine a large number of substitution reactions, two categories emerge. The boundaries between them are not absolutely fixed, as we will see, but there are two fairly clear-cut limiting classes of reaction. One is a kinetically second-order process, common for primary and secondary substrates (R—L, Section 7.4). The other is a kinetically first-order reaction, common for tertiary substrates (Section 7.6). We take up these two reactions in turn, examining each in detail. [Pg.268]

4a Rate Law The rate law tells us the number and kinds of molecules involved in the transition state—it tells you how the reaction rate depends on the concentrations of reactants and products. For many substitution reactions, the rate V is proportional to the concentrations of both the nucleophile, [Nu ], and the substrate, [R—L]. This bimolecular reaction is first order in Nu and first order in substrate, R—L. The rate constant, is a fundamental constant of the reaction (Fig. 7.10). [Pg.268]


See other pages where Reactions of Alkyl Halides The Substitution Reaction is mentioned: [Pg.261]    [Pg.267]    [Pg.267]   


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