Reaction pipeline mixing

Gas-phase process, of ethylene-propylene polymer manufacture, 10 711 Gas-phase reactions flow mixing for, 14 613 pressure and, 14 623 Gas-phase reactor (GPR), 20 533 Gas-phase sedimentation, 18 142 Gas-phase synthesis, in silicon carbide manufacture and processing, 22 533 Gas pipeline systems, 12 366 Gas pretreatment, 13 841 Gas processing, in petroleum refining, 18 663... 

Examples of the use of models for the design of large-scale systems include the measurement of pressure drop and heat transfer in model heat exchangers, the mixing and rate of reaction in a bench-top batch reactor and the prediction of pressure drops in pipelines. 

Pipeline Mixers used as Reactors for Fast C/C Reactions. Taylor (1996) and colleagues (1998) conducted a study to determine scale-up procedures for fast C/C reactions in pipeline mixers. They used the fourth Bourne reaction, which is the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of dimethoxypropane (DMP) to acetone and methanol. This is an extremely rapid reaction when catalyzed by HCl. The competitive reaction scheme, which is a unique one, is one in which NaOH reacts practically instantaneously with the HCl to remove the catalyst for the hydrolysis reaction. A water/ethanol solution of NaOH and DMP was fed as a main stream to a Kenics helical element mixer and an aqueous side stream containing slightly greater (abour 5% greater) than equimolar amount of NaOH was fed as the side stream. The product was analyzed by GC for methanol and acetone. For extremely rapid mixing, essentially no hydrolysis occurred however, for slow mixing, essentially all the DMP is hydrolyzed because acidic conditions cause very rapid hydrolysis of the DMP. 

The pilot test was in the Northwestern block of the Lamadian field. The target formation was in PI1.2. Some of the reservoir, fluid, and well data are shown in Table 5.19. The produced water came from the La400 produced water treatment station it was transported into a pressure container and put in contact with air for 5 minutes before it was transported into a reaction container for 2 hours. Then it was pumped into a water pipeline to mix with a mother polymer... 

The reaction involves several intermediate, side and end products. For all these species, the concentration profiles in a pipeline reactor are obtained. The ozonation of NO is shown to be very fast and the importance of mixing of ozone is brought out. 

Natural gas is primarily composed of methane (CH4), and like other hydrocarbons, methane provides energy via combustion reactions. Natural gas is typically found underground, near sources of petroleum, and can be pumped up via pipelines. Actually, natural gas does not have a smell, so it is mixed with a small amount of a strong-smelling thiol compound so that you can tell if you have a gas leak in your home. 

As the term implies, unlike dynamic mixers described in previous chapters which turn with the screw, static mixers have no moving parts. These mixers are not specific to plastics extrusion but are versatile chemical engineering devices used for pipeline fluid mixing over a wide viscosity range. They can also be used for chemical reactions at very high flow rates. 

The process flow diagram is shown in Figure B.6.1. Ethylene feed (via pipeline from a neighboring plant) is mixed with recycled ethylene and mixed with conpressed and dried air (drying step not shown), heated, and then fed to the first reactor. The reaction is exothermic, and medium-pressure steam is made... 

There are a broad variety of method and equipment options for the continuous processing of fluids in pipelines to achieve objectives in mixing, dispersion, heat transfer, and reaction. The fluid flow regime is a main determinate for... 

Chemical Reactor. Motionless mixers and pipelines are often used as chemical reactors, particularly for fast reactions. Chapter 13 is recommended for a discussion of these aspects. Of particular note is the work of Baldyga et al. (1997), in which different mixers were found to give different energy efficiencies for reactive mixing. 

---