Raman microscopy scattering

With regard to the confinement and enhancement ability of a metallic nano-tip, we have proposed near-field Raman microscopy using a metallic nano-tip [9]. The metallic nano-tip is able to enhance not only the illuminating light but also the Raman scattered light [9, 15, 16]. Figure 2.5 illustrates our nano-Raman microscope that mainly comprises an inverted microscope for illumination and collection of Raman... 

Sun, W. X., and Shen, Z. X. 2003. Apertureless near-field scanning Raman microscopy using reflection scattering geometry. Ultmmicroscopy. 94 237 44. 

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy is an emerging technology. By tuning a pump laser and a Stokes laser to a Raman-active molecular vibration, molecular selectivity and faster measurement speed can be obtained. This approach has been used to track the phase segregation, crystallisation and dissolution of paclitaxel from biocompatible excipients and films providing kinetic data not achievable through standard Raman microscopy methods [56]. 

Sun WX, Shen ZX (2003) Apertureless near-field scarming Raman microscopy using refiection scattering geometry. Ultramicroscopy 94 237... 

Varian, USA) and Raman microscopy system of the NTEGRA-Spectra platform (NT-MDT, Russia). The 1064 nm line of Nd YAG laser and the 473 nm line of Ar laser were used for excitation, respectively. The advantage of the second spectrometer is the high-resolution Raman confocal imaging which is capable to register Raman scattering from thin layers located at different depths. 

Figure 9.30 Spectral response of an ideal notch prefilter in micro-Raman spectroscopy to remove the elastically scattered light with wavenumber vD. (Reproduced with permission from G. Turrell and J. Corset, Raman Microscopy, Developments and Applications, Academic Press, Harcourt Brace Company, London. 1996 Elsevier B.V.)...

Raman microspectroscopy was not a completely new concept. In 1966, Delhaye and Migeon [35] showed that a laser beam could be hghtly focused at a sample, and that Raman-scattered light could be collected and transferred to a spectrometer, with minimal loss. Their calculahons showed that the increased irradiance more than compensated for the decrease in the size of the irradiated volume. The first Raman microscope was reported by Delhaye and Dhamelincourt in 1975 [36], and an instrument based on these principles (the MOLE) was introduced by Jobin Yvon at about the same time. However, the optical scheme used for imaging, which employed global illumination, was inefHcient and it was not until the advent of CCD-Raman spectrometers that the advantages of Raman microscopy became apparent. 

Presently, methods are being developed that focus on the use of superresolution confocal Raman microscopy (CRM), electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD), and, in combination with high-resolution XRD, to identify and measure the stress distributions of structures and defects that control... 

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