Raman inorganic acids

Fig. 4.1. Variation of NO2+ ion concentration with the concentration of mixed acid (nitric sulphuric, i mole i mole) inorganic solvents (a) in sulpholan (6)in aceticacid (c) in nitromethane. Curves (a) and (6) were determined by Raman measurements using the 1400 cm band while curve (c) was derived from infra-red measurements on the 237s cm band. Unity on the NO2+ concentration scale was determined to be 5-6 molar ( 2S 8 weight %). (From Olah et...

M. Williams, C. Carraher, Comparative Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy of the Condensation Product of Squaric Acid and Bis(cyclopentadienyl)titanium Dichloride, in Inorganic and Metal-Containing Polymeric Materials, J. Sheats, C. Carraher, C. Pittman, Jr., M. Zeldin, B. Currell, Eds., pp. 295-318, Plenum Publishing, New York, 1995. 

Structure determinations by X-ray and electron diffraction methods have demonstrated the presence of unbranched chains of up to six divalent sulfur atoms in inorganic polysulfides, four divalent ones in salts of polythionic acids, and three in disulfonyl, dialkyl, and cyanogen derivatives. The synthetic and Raman-spectroscopic work of Feh6r has established the presence of unbranched structures with up to five sulfur atoms in organic polysulfides, and eight in the cyanogen polysulfide, polysulfur dichloride, and hydrogen polysulfide series. The results are supported by extensive physicochemical evidence of less conclusive nature. 

The parent iodine(III) oxide, I2O3, is unknown however, several its inorganic derivatives of types OIOR or I(0R)3 have been reported in the literature. Historically, the first of these derivatives was iodosyl sulfate, (10)2804, which was first isolated as early as 1844 [20]. Iodosyl sulfate and the selenate, (I0)2Se04, can be prepared by the interaction of iodine with iodine pentoxide in concentrated sulfuric or selenic acid [4,21,22]. A convenient procedure for the preparation of iodosyl sulfate by heating iodine and sodium metaperiodate, NaI04, in concentrated sulfuric acid was reported by Kraszkiewicz and Skulski in 2008 [23]. X-Ray crystallographic analysis of iodosyl sulfate shows a polymeric structure with infinite (-0-I -0-) spiral chains linked by SO4 tetrahedra [24]. Studies of (10)2804 by IR and Raman spectroscopy in the solid state [22] and by cryoscopic and conductometric measurements of the solution in sulfuric acid [25], were also reported. 

Mizuhata, M., Ohta, T., and Deki, S. (2009) Polarized Raman Spectra of Molten Carbonates Influenced by the Surface Acidity of the Coexisting Inorganic Powder, Electrochemistry, 77, 721. 

The application of DUV Raman microscopy is not limited to inorganic material. In biology, DUV excitation in general can selectively excite nucleotide bases and aromatic amino acids in a cell, thanks to the resonance effect, while it does not efficiently excite other molecules such as lipids and aliphatic amino acids because there is no resonance in these materials. Figure 7.5 shows typical Raman spectra of mammalian cells excited with DUV (A = 244 nm) and visible (A = 532 nm) light. The selectivity of DUV excitation to nucleotide bases and aromatic amino acids is clear, while these species are hardly observed with visible-light excitation. These species are also observed with NIR excitation, at which none of the biomolecules is in the resonance condition. However, DUV excitation is more selective than IR to detect those species. 

See also Inorganic Compounds and Minerals Studied Using X-Ray Diffraction Materials Science Applications of X-Ray Diffraction Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides Studied Using Mass Spectrometry Nucleic Acids Studied Using NMR Polymer Applications of IR and Raman Spectroscopy Powder X-Ray Diffraction, Applications Small Molecule Applications of X-Ray Diffraction. 

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