Quinoa plant

Gee, J., Wortley, G., Johnson, I., Price, K., Rutten, A., Houben, G., and Penninks, A. (1996). Effect of saponins and glycoalkaloids on the permeability and viability of mammalian intestinal cells and on the integrity of tissue preparations in vitro. Toxic. In Vitro 10,117-128. Gonzalez, J., Roldan, A., Gallardo, T., and Prado, F. (1989). Quantitative determinations of chemical compounds with nutritional value from INCA crop Chenopodium quinoa. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 39, 331-337. 

Lintschinger, J., Fuchs, N., Moser, H., Jager, R., Hlebeina, T., Markolin, G., and Gossler, W. (1997). Uptake of various trace elements during germination of wheat, buckwheat and quinoa. Plant Food Hum. Nutr. (Formerly Qualitas Plantarum) 50, 223-237. 

Guzman-Maldonado, S.H., and Paredes-Lopez, O., Functional products of plants indigenous to Latin America amaranth, quinoa, common beans, and botanicals, in Functional Foods Biochemical and Processing Aspects, Mazza, G., Ed., Technomic Publishing, Lancaster, PA, 1998, 293. 

Chenopodium species are used either as whole plants or parts of the plant. There is great diversity in plants and inflorescences (Mujica and Jacobsen, 2006). The genus Chenopodium includes about 250 species (Bhargava et al, 2005). Quinoa is an annual plant found in the Andean region of South America, between sea level and the heights of the Bolivian Altiplano at around 4000 m above sea level. It produces flat, oval-shaped seeds that are usually pale yellow but can range in color from pink... 

Barrett, M. (2006). Identification, sequencing, expression and evolutionary relationships of the 11s seed storage protein gene in Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Thesis of Master of Science Department of Plant and Animal Sciences Brigham Young University. 

Fairbanks, D., Burgener, K., Robison, L., Andersen, W., and Ballon, E. (1989). Electrophoretic characterization of quinoa seed proteins. Plant Breeding 104(3), 190-195. 

Koyro, H. and Eisa, S. (2007). Effect of salinity on composition, viability and germination of seeds of Chenopodium quinoa Willd. Plant Soil 302, 79-90. 

Ruales, J. and Nair, B. (1994b). Properties of starch and dietary fibre in raw and processed quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) seeds. Plant Foods Hum. Nutr. 45, 223-246. 

Martin, C. Smith, A. M. (1995). Starch Biosynthesis. The Plant Cell, 7, 971-985. Tang, H., Watanabe, K. Mitsunaga, T. (2002). Characterization of Storage Starches from Quinoa, Barley and Adzuki Seeds. Carbohydrate Polymers, 49, 13-22 [91] Tang, H., Watanabe, K. Mitsunaga, T. (2002). Structure and Functionality of Large, Medium and Small Granule Starches in Normal and Waxy Barley Endosperms. Carbohydrate Polymers, 49, 217-224. 

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