Quartz second harmonic generation

CB04. The spontaneous polarisation was measured by the pulse pyroelectric technique (Ps = 46 nC/cm ). The piezoelectric coefficient evaluated for CB04 was dsi = 1.6 pC/N. The estimation of the efficiency of the second harmonic generation for compound CB04 gives the value three times more than for quartz. 

Fig. 6.5. Second harmonic generation by natural quartz under 1,064 nm irradiation...

For the second task second harmonic generation by quartz has been proposed. The first procedure is to determine the relative intensity of SH compared with etalon, where the ratio of SH intensities is used for sorting. In the second procedure the laser source is working with a very high repetition rate and the number of pulses with SH intensity above a certain level is used as the separation criterion. Sorting using non-linear optics may be very effective, because... 

Second harmonic generation (SHG) was first observed in single crystal quartz by Franken and coworkers (1) in 1961. These early workers frequency doubled the output of a ruby laser (694.3 nm) into the ultraviolet (347.15 nm) with a conversion efficiency of only about 10 % in their best experiments, but the ground had been broken. 

Preliminary Property Measurements. Preliminary measurements of second harmonic generating activity on powder samples of Py-D3C, segregated by grain diameter, determined that X for the material is 1/85 20% that of quartz. These measurements also indicated a coherence length at least as long as that of quartz. 

Fig. 4.1. Schematic diagram of the second harmonic generation experimental apparatus with the sample in the reflection geometry. The polarization analyzers are set to transmit p-polarized light at the frequency labeled in the figure. The (co/2co) filters transmit the (fundamental/harmonic) light while blocking the (harmonic/fundamental) light. For phase measurements, a quartz plate is mounted on a translation stage for movement towards the sample at a distance L.

Bachheimer JP, Dolino G (1975) Measurement of the order parameter of a-quartz by second-harmonic generation of light. Phys Rev B 11 3195-3205... 

Photonics is playing an ever-increasing role in our modern information society. Photon is gradually replacing the electron, the elementary particle in electronics. Several hooks and reviews have appeared dealing with the theory of nonlinear optics and the structural characteristics and applications of nonlinear optical molecules and materials [1—18]. Tlie earliest nonlinear optical (NLO) effect discovered was the electro-optic (EO) effect. The linear EO coefficient defines the Pockel effect, discovered in 1906, while the quadratic (nonlinear) EO coefficient s,i relates to the Kerr effect, discovered 31 years later (1875). Truly, all-optical NLO effects were not discovered until the discovery of lasers. Second harmonic generation (SHG) was first observed in a single crystal of quartz by Franken et al. [1] in 1961. They frequency doubled the output of a ruby laser (694.3 nm) into the 383... 

Meech and Yoshihara have used the surface second harmonic generation method to study ps dynamics at solid liquid interfaces by total internal reflection for the dyes, rhodamine and malachite green. The same technique has also been used to follow the photoreaction of rhodamine 6G in monolayers adsorbed on quartz . 

The NLO materials used so far are mainly inorganic materials, such as quartz, KDP, zinc oxide, LiNbOs, etc. The ions in these inorganic materials are responsible for the NLO properties. The ions have a great mass so that the NLO coefficients of these NLO materials are small at high frequency. Table 6.11 lists elements of the NLO tensors of the Pockel effect and of the second harmonic generation for some widely used NLO materials, Xp and x(d ... 

Figure Bl.22.7. Left resonant second-harmonic generation (SHG) spectrum from rhodamine 6G. The inset displays the resonant electronic transition induced by the two-photon absorption process at a wavelength of approximately 350 nm. Right spatially resolved image of a laser-ablated hole in a rhodamine 6G dye monolayer on fused quartz, mapped by recording the SHG signal as a function of position in the film [55] SHG can be used not only for the characterization of electronic transitions within a given substance, but also as a microscopy tool.

Second harmonic generation has also been used to study the semiconductor/ solution interface during the deposition of gold on Si(lll) [777]. In a setup combining SHG and the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), the underpotential deposition of copper on a polycrystalline gold surface has been studied a decrease of the SHG signal by 60% upon formation of the upd-layer was found [778]. A study of the electrochemical liquid/liquid interface between two immiscible solutions where adsorption of surfactants occurred has been reported [779]. 

Another property of quartz which may be used for its analysis and control, is its ability for Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) (Meisner 1994). The important property of short-pulse lasers is their production of high peak powers. If one... 

S. Wehner, K. Wondraczek, D. Johannsmann, and A. Bund, Roughness-induced acoustic second-harmonic generation during electrochemical metal deposition on the quartz-crystal microbalance, Langmuir, 20, 2356-2360 (2004). 

The cubic susceptibility M 2a) o),a),0) is determined by comparison of second harmonic generation from single crystalline quartz (Q) with that from a thin film comprise between two electrodes with an applied electric field of the order of 10 -r 10 V/cm. The thin film cubic susceptibility in this case is given by (Chollet et al (1985))... 

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