Q------------------------------------Quenching

M-Q) Quenched monomer site in ground triplet state (Q = 02)... 

M-(Q ) Quenched monomer site with quencher in Is excited singlet state (Q = Of)... 

Scheme 11.5 Photophysics of sensitised lanthanide sensors sens-Ln such as 11.32 and 11.33. Key k = rate constant, em = emission, eT = electron transfer, q = quenching, isc = inter-system crossing to triplet state, (B)ET = (back) energy transfer (reproduced with permission from Reference 24).

Figure 4.2 Jablohski diagram for a molecule in the singlet ground state (S0). Abs, absorption F, fluorescence 1C, internal conversion ISC, intersystem crossing Ph, phosphorescence Q, quenching VR, vibrational relaxation...

Figure 17.6 Scheme of the industrial pilot plant for the pyrolysis of 5000 t/yr plastics or tires. Z cyclone Q quench cooler K cooler DW high-pressure quench cooler KM compressor WT heat exchanger F flare G excess gas R carbon black P plastic feed K calcium oxide, LS low-boiling oil HS high-boiling oil... 

F=fluorescence Q=quenching DSA = diazotized sulfanilic acid DNA = diazotized p-nitroaniline. 

Figure 4.14 Stem-Volmer Plot to determine the rate of fluorescence quenching by solute molecules that function as quenching agents, Q. Quenching also competes with the other factors described in Figure 4.12 to reduce fluorescence quantum yield.

Q-quenching (qO) and energy-dependent quenching (qE) were determined, during induction of photosynthesis, at room temperature according to (7, 2). 

The fluorescence quenching of two maize lines leaves was measured under steady state Illumination at different relative water content of leaves. With decreasing relative water content the saturation pulse fluorescence Induction pattern Is markedly affected especially In the susceptible line. At 90X RWC Q-quenchIng decreases to become more pronaunced with further dehydration whereas the relaxation of E-quenchIng Is strongly suppressed staying at the same level until 50X RWC, whereupon It rises with the RWC drop to 45 (Fig. 2.A.). In the... 

The decrease of Q-quenching in the susceptible line becomes apparent on the second day of the drought, whereas the resistant line suffers alterations only on the day 6 (not shown). In the susceptible line already on the day 2 E-quenching reached a level to remain stable throughout the drought. In the resistant line, though, E-quenching reached such level only on the 6th day. 

Similar properties Ibr Miealoi, 4750 allay. Carpenter 49, Armto4S. Q, quench or controlled cooling. 

Q, quenched in oil or water A, air cooled B,baJijed F. cooled in magnetic field CW., cold worked. HR,hotnolledor Doged CR, cold rolled or drawn M, machined G, must be ground P, punched C, cast Sn, sintered. 

F=fluorescence Q=quenching DSA=diazotized sulfanilic acid DNA=diazotizedp-nitroaniline. 

For the polymer scientist, consideration of these Ro distances is one of the most important aspects of experimental design. Emission quenching is the tool of choice for studying problems of int rfaces and interphases. One labels one component with a dye A and the other component with Q. Studying the rate and efficiency whereby Q quenches A provides a powerful measure of molecular intimacy in the overlap region. There are other applications pertinent to studying polymer conformation and dynamics. 

Table 3. Basal ATPase, total vanadate-sensitive ATPase, and total and vanadate-sensitive initial rate of pumping of microsomes isolated from normal and high oleic acid cotyledons. Passive conductance (expresed as % of initial rate of fluorescence recovery relative to Q maximum) is also showed. Values are mean SD of 4 independent experiments. Q, quenching.

Abbreviations AS, spectrophotometry CVT, chemical vapor transport MS, mass spectrometry F, fluorescence E, entrainment Q, quenching RC, radiochemistry. 

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