Punch Injuries

Compaction simulators arc relatively safe to operate with proper user training. From a mechanical perspective, the most likely sources of severe physical injury to the operator are the punches and die. However, most modem compaction simulators are equipped with robust (i.e., bulletproof) machine guarding which prevents the operators from putting their body parts near the moving parts of the instrument and partial/entire components from exiting the compression region (and flying toward the operator) if catastrophic mechanical failure occurs. 

In addition to aberrant internal metabolism, external insult such as traumatic brain injury can increase the risk of AD [63-65]. The mechanisms by which head traiuna may augment the risk of AD is unknown. Repetitive head traiuna experienced by professional boxers may lead to punch drunk syndrome or dementia pugifistica later in fife [66]. This syndrome is characterized by progressive dementia and parkinsonism and the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles [67,68]. Ap deposition has been detected in the brains of victims of even a single head injury [69]. In preclinical models head trauma can exacerbate the formation of plaques or tangles, induce neu-... 

Human bites generally are more serious and more prone to infection than animal bites, particularly clenched-flst injuries. While the force of a punch may sever a tendon or nerve or break a bone, it most often causes a breach in the capsule of the metacarpophalangeal joint, leading to direct inoculation of bacteria into thejointorbone. When the hand is relaxed, the tendons carry bacteria into deeper spaces of the hand, resulting in more extensive infection. ... 

Puncturing injuries. These injuries occur when an object penetrates straight into the body of a person and pulls straight out. Usually, in the industrial sector, these types of injuries are associated wi punching machines because they have sharp tools. 

Abrasion injuries result from contact with machines that use friction or abrasion, such as grinding and sanding equipment. Puncture wounds can result from contact with pointed tools, like drills, punches, and awls. Tissue tears and cuts may result from contact with sharp edges on equipment. 

Relative to the phalanges the metacarpals are reasonably protected, although several series of hand fractures found the fifth metacarpal to be the most frequently injured bone (Rajesh et al. 2001 Vadivelu et al. 2006). Incidence peaks in older schoolchildren, when the mechanism of injury is usually punching, or involvement in contact sports. 

A. Injuries and illnesses occurring in the work environment are considered work-related. Punching in and out with a time clock (or signing in and out) does not affect the outcome for determining work-relatedness. If the employee experienced a work-related injury or illness, and it meets one or more of the general recording criteria under section 1904.7, it must be entered on the employer s OSHA 300 log. 

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