Pulsed laser deposition system

Figure 10.10 Schematic Layout of a Pulsed Laser Deposition System...

Figure 4-9. Schematic of a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) system. (Courtesy of PVD).

It is usually difficult to investigate lithium intercalation and deintercalation behavior with composite cathodes because of the nonuniform potential distributions and unknown electrode surface area [104]. To avoid this problem, researchers replaced composite electrodes with thin-film electrodes, making vacuum techniques a tool of choice in small-scale bench top research. Many techniques have been developed for fabrication of thin-film electrodes, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [108-111], electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) [112-117], pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [2, 118-121], and radio frequency (RF) sputtering. Vacuum systems are typically required in each of these techniques. Each technique for fabricating LiCo02 cathodes will be addressed below. 

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