Publication gravure inks

Pigment preparations containing such amines are widely used in publication gravure inks (see P.Y.12, p. 244). 

Commercially available P.O.46 types are usually quite transparent. They are employed primarily in packaging printing inks, also in offset and metal deco printing. Publication gravure inks, plastics, especially PVC, LDPE, and elastomers, as well as general industrial paints are suitable media for pigment application. P.O.46 is less solvent resistant than P.R.53 1, but it is faster to alkali and acid. In terms of lightfastness, P.O.46 performs poorly 1/3 and 1/25 SD prints equal only step 1 on the Blue Scale. 

Uses Hyperdispersant for carbon bik, publication gravure inks... 

Chem. Descrip. Polymeric agent in toluene Uses Hyperdispersant for publication gravure inks Properties Amber Iiq. 50% act. 

Uses Pigment dispersant for publication gravure inks, disps. based on toluene Features Lowers vise. allows significant inc. in pigment loading Regulatory EINECS listed... 

Fig. 14 Pigment Yellow 12 in a publication gravure printing ink based on metal resinate.

Publication gravure printing inks apparently show elastic behavior at D = 105 s the modulus of shearing G is 103 Pa. This indicates that at high shear rates D, between 105 and 106 s gravure printing inks develop normal stress effects and thus show a hydrodynamic lubricating effect. These deductions are relevant to an... 

Publication gravure printing inks are commonly toluene-based in some countries, mixtures of toluene and aliphatic hydrocarbons were also used. Ready-made printing inks normally contain solvents in excess of 60% solvent and between 4 and 10% pigment. The solvent content makes it necessary to employ pigments with sufficient fastness to solvents i.e., pigments which do not recrystallize too much under the conditions of dispersion and processing. 

Fig. 86 Rheograms of publication gravure printing inks containing 15% pigment.

Preparation with aliphatic amines, on the other hand, may promote side reactions, converting portions of a pigment to compounds that are somewhat soluble in toluene. Toluene is the most important solvent for publication gravure printing inks. This preparative method reduces the viscosity of the printing ink. The pigment is thus partially converted to a soluble azomethine (Schiff s base), which is formed by reaction between the acetoacetic arylide and an aliphatic amine [5] ... 

P.Y.13 is not used in publication gravure printing inks based on toluene or toluene-benzene mixtures amine-treated grades are not commercially available at present. 

Its coloristic properties make P.B.l a suitable and widely used colorant for special printing inks. The pigment may be incorporated without problems in oily binders, i.e., in letterpress and offset inks. It is equally often used in publication gravure printing inks based on toluene and in packaging printing inks based on NC. Problems which may arise as P.B.l is incorporated in these vehicles are mentioned under P.V.2. Besides, P.B.l lends color to paper, wallpaper, typewriter ribbons, and other media, although it is often difficult to disperse. 

In terms of lightfastness, P.Gr.l parallels the blue types. Irradiated 1/3 SD letterpress proof prints equal step 3 on the Blue Scale, although the shade darkens considerably. P.Gr.l is recommended for use in oily binders, publication gravure printing inks, and NC-based printing inks. Possible problems are referred to under P.V.2. 

P.R.169 parallels the P.R.81 types in terms of shade and fastness properties. Thus, P.R.169 types are equally suited to letterpress and offset printing inks, where they provide the standard purple red for three and four color printing in accordance with the so-called DIN scale (Sec. 1.8.1.1). Moreover, P.R.169 is frequently used for toluene-based publication gravure printing inks, where it is sometimes applied in combination with P.R.57 1. A number of grades, however, are not as fast to toluene as comparable P.R.81 varieties. One of the major fields of application for P.R.169 is in aqueous flexographic printing inks. 

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