Psychoses definition

In an open study of 11 patients with typical borderline personality, Schulz et al. ( 253) found substantial improvement with olanzapine, particularly in psychosis, but also in anergia, hostility, and interpersonal sensitivity. Szigethy and Schulz ( 254) reported improvement in one patient whose BPRS went from 46 to 28 with risperidone. Remission of self-mutilation has also been reported in one borderline patient undergoing treatment with risperidone, as well as an SSRI, for depression (255). This patient was then able to return to a full-time job. Although one should reserve judgment until more definitive studies are completed, the more favorable side effect profile of risperidone and olanzapine suggests that these drugs may be useful when psychotic or near psychotic symptoms are present. 

Freud correctly assumed that the failure of self-reflection in dreams that results in our delusional belief that we are awake, can fly, or survive surely deadly falls from vertiginous heights was akin to psychosis. As such we accurately regard it as primary process thinking, which is by definition narcissistic, omnipotent, and uncritical. But why does it have this character And by what mechanisms Certainly not to defend consciousness from invasion (because consciousness is invaded by primary processes in this case ). It seems far more likely that this failure to test reality is the outcome of an organic deficit related to two other deficit conditions of dreaming, the disorientation that creates bizarreness and the amnesia that creates dream forgetting. 

Not only do the atypical antipsychotics have incremental pharmacological actions beyond SDA actions, but they also have additional favorable and unfavorable clinical properties beyond the limited clinical definition of reduced EPS and actions on positive symptoms of psychosis. These additional favorable properties include the ability to improve negative symptoms in schizophrenic patients better than do con-... 

Although Chouinard and Jones (1980) found a prevalence of 30% to 40%, Hunt et al. (1988) reviewed the charts of 265 patients and located onlyl2 probable and no definite cases of tardive psychosis. Kirkpatrick et al. (1992) cast a critical eye on the existence of tardive psychosis. Research commonly fails to detect even the most obvious adverse drug effects, resulting in so many drugs reaching the market without their most serious side effects being detected. That so many researchers have documented tardive psychosis should, by now, confirm its existence. 

In an open 12-week study of ziprasidone in 12 patients with Parkinson s disease and psychosis, two withdrew because of adverse effects one had increased diurnal sedation on day 5 and the other had deterioration of gait at 1 week (7C). The other 10 patients reported significant improvement in psychiatric symptoms and no deterioration in motor symptoms. The small sample size and lack of a control group precluded definitive conclusions. 

That vigabatrin can cause psychosis and depression has been confirmed in an analysis of data from double-blind, controlled, add-on trials (675). Compared with placebo, vigabatrin-exposed patients had a significantly higher incidence of events coded as depression (12 versus 3.5%) and psychosis (2.5 versus 0.3%). Although these events occurred during the first 3 months, most of the studies lasted 12-18 weeks and therefore definite conclusions could not be reached about timing. 

Definition A drug psychosis, drug dependence, non-dependent drug abuse and accidental poisoning caused by use of opiates, cocaine, stimulants, cannabis or hallucinogens. 

Personality disorder (PD) is as much a mental disorder as psychosis, dementia or mania, but by definition, these patients have problems managii relationships, includii those with psychiatric services and professionals. This can make it hard for them to seek or accept help, and hard for services to provide help. They re often mistreated, not least because the TD label dredges up memories of particularly difficult patients, which staff may link unfairly with anyone given this diagnosis. 

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