Proteolytic enzyme activity

Mayer, L. M. 1989. Extracellular proteolytic enzyme activity in sediments of an intertidal mudflat. Limnology and Oceanography 34 973-981. 

Kerpisci MR Effect of Variety and Drying Temperature on Proteolytic Enzyme Activity of Yellow Dent Corn [M.S. Thesis]. Manhattan, KS Kansas State University 1988. 

Proteases. Proteolytic enzyme activity (hydrolysis of amide bonds of proteins and peptides) has received very little study related to disease resistance. Proteolytic activity is widespread in both hosts and pathogens. A high correlation was found with tomato cultivars infected by Pseudomonas syringe pv. tomato and disease severity... 

Similarly, Hirsch-Marie and Burtin (H7) eluted proteolytic enzymes active at pH 2 and 3.5 from the first two bands of agar gel electrophero-grams of normal gastric juice, which were collected ter intragastric neutralization with borate bufiFer. The two bands from which proteolytic activity at pH 7.0 and 3.5 was eluted preceded the third band, which was identified with serum albumin by immunoelectrophoresis. 

The pyloric caeca of fish, which have a function similar to that of mammalian pancreas, are a potent source of tryptic enzymes. The crude enzyme preparations made by acetone drying of the comminuted caeca are as effective as commercial proteolytic preparations (Tarr, 1948). According to Kashiwada (1952), this proteolytic enzyme activity rises in spring and decreases gradually in summer in the case of skipjack Katsuwonus Vagans), Crude preparations from redfish (Sebastes marinus) have been studied by Stern and Lockaert (1953), who have determined their optimal conditions of activity and have shown that this activity also compares favorably with that of commercial preparations. 

Gelatin degradation is attactive as an indicator of proteolytic enzyme activity. 

Osmond, I. H. L., Lebor, E. F., Sharpe, F. R. (1991). Yeast proteolytic enzyme activity during fermentation. In Proceedings of the European Brewing Convention Congress, Copenhagen (pp. 457 64). 

Lung homogenates metabolize insulin (Liu et al, 1992), although the proteolytic enzyme activity of the lung in degrading insulin is weaker than that of subcutaneous tissue (Hori et al, 1983). In accordance with this finding, addition of protease inhibitors has been reported to increase the pulmonary absorption of insulin (Okumura et al, 1992 Yamamoto et al, 1994). 

Gorrill, A. D. L., and Thomas, J. W., 1967, Body weight changes, pancreas size and enzyme activity, and proteolytic enzyme activity and protein digestion in intestinal contents from calves fed soybean and milk protein diets, J. Nutr., 92 215-223. 

The observed effects in cardiovascular disease modek can be rationalized by a local increase of bradyldnin and a local decrease of Ang II levek in affected tissues, but more detailed investigations on the biological and pharmacological mechanism have to be carried out. The absence of enzyme expression in the vasculature and the acidic pH optimum of proteolytic enzyme activity might be beneficial in terms of a clinical safety profile for CatA inhibitors. However, the most obvious challenge right now will be the clinical validation of thk novel target in humans by the demonstration of safety and efficacy. 

An increase in dietary protein flow to the abomasum may also be due to the inhibitory effects of tannins on proteolytic bacteria and proteolytic enzyme activity. Besides, tannins might sometime also affect the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis. Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) seed husk (containing 14% tannins) improved the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis in vitro (Bhatta et al. 2001). Quebracho tannins also increased microbial protein synthesis in a lucerne diet fed to sheep at dosages of 2% and 3% of DM, but not at 3% of DM (Al-Dobaib 2009). However, some studies reported that the microbial protein outflow from the rumen was little affected due to feeding of tannin-containing forages (McNeill et al. 2000 Min et al. 2003). 

Proteolytic bacteria were present in relatively high numbers (10 /g of digetsa) in sheep fed on Calliandra leaves (McSweeney et al. 1999). The changes in the activities of proteolytic bacteria and the protease enzyme by tannins conld mediate nitrogen metabolism in the rumen (Tanner et al. 1994). A reduction in proteolysis might be attributed to the direct effects of CT on microbial proteolytic enzyme activity or... 

BUTLER J.H.A. and LADD J.N. 1969. Ihe effect of methylation of humic acids on their influence on proteolytic enzyme activity. Australian Journal of Soil Research, Ij 263-268. 

LADD J.N. and BUTLER J.H.A. 1969. Inhibition proteolytic enzyme activities by soil humic acids of Soil Research, 7, 253-261. 

There are three possible general reasons for the absence of this chain from psoriatic scale. The first is that it is not synthesized. The second is that it is synthesized but then digested away by proteolytic enzyme activity during the abnormal keratinization process. The third is that it is synthesized but then becomes covalently cross-linked during the abnormal keratinization and is thus not extracted by the reagents used. 

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