Virus protein

Antigens (drugs, hormones, peptides, proteins, viruses, and cell components)... 

Nanostructures are, literally, facts of life in biology. Proteins, viruses, and bacteria are nanosized, three-dimensional structures which have been self assembled from smaller subunits. Although individual atoms in the subunits (polypeptides, for example) are covalently linked, assembly of the subunits is maintained by non-covalent (van der Waals, hydrogen-bonding, electrostatic, and hydrophobic) interactions. 

Dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) is a variety of scanning probe lithography (direct-write) developed by Mirkin and coworkers, where components of interest are transferred from an AFM tip to a substrate.201 DPN has been used to pattern a wide variety of materials on surfaces, including small organic molecules (most commonly n-alkanethiols), DNA, nanoparticles, proteins, viruses, and precursors for inorganic thin films. 

Immunoassays have become the most valuable analytical tool of medicinal in vitro diagnostics and are routinely employed for the detection of a wide range of analytes (e.g. hormones, peptides, proteins, viruses, pharmaceuticals). Further important areas of application are environmental pollutants and food analysis. 

Antibodies binding to proteins, viruses, or cells with high specificity and... 

Antibodies binding to proteins, viruses, or cells with high specificity and affinity can be readily prepared by immunization, which simply consists of injecting the antigen of interest into an experimental animal. Antibodies binding to small organic molecules, called haptens, are also accessible by covalently attaching haptens to a carrier protein, usually KLH (keyhole limpet... 

Hybridoma culture medium with 10% fetal calf serum Monoclonal Albumin, transferrin, a2-macroglobulin, bovine IgG, Phenol red, other serum proteins, viruses Usually 10 ag/mL but with special conditions up to 1 mg/mL... 

Structure Proteins provide the strength of tendons, bones, and skin. Cartilage, hair, wool, fingernails, and claws are mainly protein. Viruses have an outer layer of protein. 

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