Proteins barnacle

Cyprid major protein is a larval storage protein necessary for successful metamorphosis. " Production of cyprid major protein was increased in the barnacle Balanus amphitrite following exposure to both nonylphenol and estradiol, suggesting that it may be a potential biomarker of estrogen exposure in invertebrates such as barnacles. " "... 

Billinghurst Z, Clare AS, Matsumura K, Depledge MH (2000) Induction of cypris major protein in barnacle larvae by exposure to 4-n-nonylphenol and 17 beta-oestradiol. Aquat Toxicol 47 203-212... 

Clayton MN (1988) Evolution and life histories of brown algae. Bot Mar 31 379-387 Connell JH (1961) The influence of interspecific competition and other factors on the distribution of the barnacle Chthamalus stellatus. Ecology 42 710-723 Cronin G, Hay ME (1996) Chemical defenses, protein content, and susceptibility to herbivory of diploid vs. haploid stages of the isomorphic brown alga Dictyota ciliolata (Phaeophyta). Bot Mar 39 395-399... 

According to Schneider and Allerman (2001), Alcalase is the name of an enzyme that might be used to hydrolyse e.g. barnacle proteins. Less than 5 wt% (solvent-free basis) enzyme is used in an antifouling paint (Schneider and Allerman, 2001) and so a seawater-soluble carrier material should probably be... 

Matsumura, K., Nagano, M., and Fusetani, N., Purification of a larval settlement-inducing protein complex (SIPC) of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite, J. Exp. Zool., 281, 12, 1998. 

Larman, V. N., Gabbott, P. A., and East, J., Physico-chemical properties of the settlement factor proteins from the barnacle Balanus balanoides, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B., 72, 329, 1982. 

Protein Complex (SIPC) Barnacle Larval Settlement 10-100 pg/ml 106... 

Settlement. The fixation of the larvae of benthic animals does not take place randomly, but is sometimes guided by the presence of immerged substrata of organic substances deposited by adults previously fixed there. Thus, in the case of Balanus balanoides, the cyprid larvae attach themselves to surfaces where earlier barnacles have deposited a complex mixture of mucopolysaccharides and proteins associated to nucleic acids (Crisp, 1974). This mediator is not specific it is produced by several crustaceans smd has therefore received the name arthropodin. A similar phenomenon was described by Nott (1973) for the annelid Spirorbis spirorbis. 

Bioadhesives may basically consist of proteins, polysaccharides, polyphenols, and hpids. These substances occur mostly in combination. The adhesives of the well-studied blue mussel Mytilus edulis) and of barnacles are proteinaceous materials. Other well-known proteins with adhesive properties are elastin, collagen, fibronectin, laminin, fibrinogen, and keratin. 

It may be conceivable that the structure formation of barnacle adhesive is determined by critical self-assembly concentrations of the adhesive proteins within an interfacial gap between a barnacle base and a substrate. It can further be suggested that the biopolymers form coherent gel structures, in which two transitions of critical protein concentrations determine the arrangement of adhesive globules from a dense sheet-like formation to a slightly loose sponge-like formation to a very loose branched or web-like structure. 

Even the aggregation of globular adhesion proteins to specific supramolecular structures observed in barnacle cement may be speculated to be a general theme in aquatic organisms, since similar structures have been found in mussel adhesive. 

Dreanno C, Kirby RR, Clare AS (2007) Involvement of the barnacle settlement-inducing protein complex (SIPC) in species recognition at settlement. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 351 276-282... 

Dreanno C, Matsumura K, Dohmae N, Takio K, Hirota H, Kirby RR, Clare AS (2006) An alpha2-macroglobulin-like protein is the cue to gregarious settlement of the barnacle Balanus amphi-trite. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103 14396-14401... 

Dreanno C, Kirby RR, Clare AS (2006) Locating the barnacle settlement pheromone spatial and ontogenetic expression of the settlement-inducing protein complex of Balanus amphitrite. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 273 2721-2728... 

Matsumura K, Hills JM, Thomason PO, Thomason JC, Clare AS (2000) Discrimination at settlement in barnacles laboratory and field experiments on settlement behaviour in response to settlement-inducing protein complexes. Biofouling 16 181-190... 

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