Protein phosphorylation tyrosine

XU K and thornalley p j (2001) Signal transduction activated by the cancer chemopreventive isothiocyanates cleavage of BID protein, tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of INK , Br J Cancer, 84 670-73. 

Design and Synthesis of Protein Tyrosine Phosphorylation Inhibitors... 

It is not clear whether V(V) or V(IV) (or both) is the active insulin-mimetic redox state of vanadium. In the body, endogenous reducing agents such as glutathione and ascorbic acid may inhibit the oxidation of V(IV). The mechanism of action of insulin mimetics is unclear. Insulin receptors are membrane-spanning tyrosine-specific protein kinases activated by insulin on the extracellular side to catalyze intracellular protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Vanadates can act as phosphate analogs, and there is evidence for potent inhibition of phosphotyrosine phosphatases (526). Peroxovanadate complexes, for example, can induce autophosphorylation at tyrosine residues and inhibit the insulin-receptor-associated phosphotyrosine phosphatase, and these in turn activate insulin-receptor kinase. 

Atkinson KJ and Rao RK [2001] Role of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in acetaldehyde-induced disruption of epithelial tight junctions. Am J Physiol 280 G1280-G1288... 

NT207 Chang, W. C., Y. C. Lee, C. L. Liu, et al. Increased expression of iNOS and c-fos via regulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation and MEK1/ERK2 proteins in terminal bronchiole lesions in the lungs of rats exposed to cigarette smoke. Arch Toxicol 2001 75(1) 28-35. 

In comparison to the level of cellular serine or threonine phosphorylation, protein tyrosine phosphorylation occurs at quite low levels in normal cells but dramatically increases upon oncogenic transformation or stimulation. Since the first discovery in 1978 that the transforming protein from Rous sarcoma virus (pp60vsrc) exhibited intrinsic kinase activity/5 protein kinase activity has also been shown to be inherent to other growth factor receptors such as epidermal growth factor receptor and the insulin receptor,[6 91 and to involve autophosphorylation processes. The diverse biochemical activity exhibited by protein tyrosine phosphorylation has stimulated the development of chemical methods for the preparation of phosphorylated peptides for use as substrates in elucidating the biochemical and physiological activity of phosphorylated site(s). 

Yan CH, Han R. Genistein suppresses adhesion-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and invasion of B16-B16 melanoma cells. Cancer Lett. 129, 117-124, 1998. 

Genistein has been considered the primary anticancer constituent in soy, based on putative in vitro activities that include its ability to inhibit topoisomerase I and II activity, inhibit protein tyrosine phosphorylation, induce differentiation of cancer cell lines, and act as an estrogen agonist. 

DeVito MJ, Ma X, Babish JG, et al. 1994. Dose-response relationships in mice following subchronic exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin CYP1A1, CYP1A2, estrogen receptor, and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 124(l) 82-90. 

Ma X, Mufti NA, Babish JG. 1992. Protein tyrosine phosphorylation as an indicator of... 

Mehdi, M.Z. and A.K. Srivastava. 2005. Qrgano-vanadium compounds are potent activators of the protein kinase B signaling pathway and protein tyrosine phosphorylation Mechanism of insulinomimesis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 440 158-164. 

Bading, H., and Greenberg, M. E. (1991). Stimulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation by NMDA receptor activation. Science 253, 912-914. 

Molloy, C. J., Taylor, D. S., and Weber, H. 1993. Angiotensin II stimulation of rapid protein tyrosine phosphorylation and protein kinase activation in rat aortic smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 268 7338-7345. 

Smith PG, Garcia R, Kogerman L. Mechanical strain increases protein tyrosine phosphorylation in airway smooth muscle cells. Exp Cell Res. 1998 239 353-360. 

Two activities of the immunosuppressive metabolite of Leflimomide, A77 1 726. Inhibition of pyrimidine nucleotide synthesis and protein tyrosine phosphorylation. Biochem. Pharmacol. 52,... 

Szaszi, K., Buday, L., and Kapus, A., 1997, Shrinkage-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation in Chinese hamster ovary cells. J. Biol. Chem. 272(26) 16670-16678. 

Dillcm AM, Heath MF. Protein tyrosine phosphorylation in equine platelets the effect of stimulation by thrombin and platelet-activating factor. Equine Veterin J 1995 27 448-458... 

INAZU T, TANIGUCHI T, YANAGI S, YaMAMURA H. Protein-tyrosine phosphorylation and aggregation of intact human platelets by vansalate with HjOj. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 170 259-263,1990. 

Kumagai N, Morii N, Fujisawa K et al. (1993) ADP-ribosylation of rho inhibits lyso-phosphatidic acid-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation and phosphatidyli-nositol 3-kinase activation in cultured Swiss 3T3 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 268 24535-24538... 

RNP-based fluorescent probes would be ideal to detect protein tyrosine phosphorylation directly in the solution. To develop a fluorescent RNP sensor for the pTyr residue, RNP receptors has been developed for the pTyr residue.57 RNP receptors for pTyr were isolated from a pool of RNA sequences (430) as described... 

Wang SC, Kanner SB, Ledbetter JA, Gupta S, Kumar G, Nel AE (1995) Evidence for LFA-l/ICAM-1 dependent stimulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation in human B lymphoid cell lines during homotypic adhesion. J Leukoc Biol 57 343-351... 

In attempts to further understand the signal transduction cascades that regulate capacitation, our laboratory has recently correlated mouse, human, and bovine sperm capacitation with an increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation of a variety of substrates (Visconti et ah, 1995a Carrera et ah, 1996 Galantino-Homer et ah, 1997). Many of these results have since been corroborated by other labs (Aitken et ah, 1995 Leclerc et ah, 1996 Luconi et ah, 1996 Emiliozzi and Fenichel, 1997). Using the mouse as an experimental paradigm, our laboratory has demonstrated... 

The extracellular Ca and HCO," requirement for both protein tyrosine phosphorylation and capacitation represents a novel regulatory mechanism of cellular signaling since these ions have been shown to be activators of the mammalian sperm adenylyl cyclase (Hyne and Garbers, 1979 Okamura et al., 1985 Garty and Salomon,1987 Visconti et al., 1995b). Since there appears to be a relationship between Ca, HC03 , and increased adenylyl cyclase activity, experiments were designed to determine whether the action of these ions on protein tyrosine phosphorylation and capacitation involved a cAMP-mediated pathway. As previously stated, protein tyrosine phosphorylation does not occur when sperm are incu-... 

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