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Protein individual compounds

Enantioresolution in capillary electrophoresis (CE) is typically achieved with the help of chiral additives dissolved in the background electrolyte. A number of low as well as high molecular weight compounds such as proteins, antibiotics, crown ethers, and cyclodextrins have already been tested and optimized. Since the mechanism of retention and resolution remains ambiguous, the selection of an additive best suited for the specific separation relies on the one-at-a-time testing of each individual compound, a tedious process at best. Obviously, the use of a mixed library of chiral additives combined with an efficient deconvolution strategy has the potential to accelerate this selection. [Pg.62]

Protein affinity chromatography can be used for the separation of an individual compound, or a group of structurally similar compounds from crude-reaction mixtures, fermentation broths, or cell lysates by exploiting very specific and well-defined molecular interactions... [Pg.79]

Fig. 4.1 Schematic of the ASMS experiment format. In primary screening, several thousand compounds are included in a single tube and allo A/ed to equilibrate with the target protein under excess target concentration relative to individual compound ligands. The concentration of each compound is 1.5 pM relative to 5-10 pM target protein. Hence at equilibrium the amount of ligand bound is directly related to both the target concentration and the intrinsic /< of the ligand. Multiple rounds of... Fig. 4.1 Schematic of the ASMS experiment format. In primary screening, several thousand compounds are included in a single tube and allo A/ed to equilibrate with the target protein under excess target concentration relative to individual compound ligands. The concentration of each compound is 1.5 pM relative to 5-10 pM target protein. Hence at equilibrium the amount of ligand bound is directly related to both the target concentration and the intrinsic /< of the ligand. Multiple rounds of...
There are approximately 2700 compounds per primary screening mixture, and the readout is in essence multiplexed the ligands are individually ionized and identified in the mass spectrometer according to their exact mass positions. The readout, however, does not unambiguously identify compounds, as multiple compounds in a single mixture may have the same mass, i.e., a particular peak may correspond to as many as 31 compounds with closely related masses. The protein excess over individual compounds coupled with the rarity of potent ligands within a randomly assembled library minimizes competition between ligands for... [Pg.173]

Relative kidney weight was increased on exposure to the individual compounds at their LONEL and, to about the same extent, on combined exposure at the NONEL or the LONEL/3. The other endpoints studied (histopathology, concentrating abihty, urinary excretion of glucose, protein and marker enzymes, and plasma creatinine and urea) were not or only scarcely affected upon combined exposure at the NONEL or LONEL/3. As assessed by the effect on kidney weight, the renal toxicity of the mixtures corresponded to the effect expected on the basis of the additivity assumption (Feron et al. 1995a, Jonker et al. 1996). [Pg.404]

By definition POV is the number of miliequivalents of active oxygen per kilogram of sample" , or in some cases the number of micrograms of active oxygen in one gram of sample, capable of oxidizing iodide to iodine" °°. Many of the methods described in Section V for determination of hydroperoxide classes or individual compounds can also be applied for determination of POV, as total hydroperoxides. The iodometric determination of hydroperoxides in lipids and proteins has been reviewed . [Pg.657]

The protein anabolic compounds are most commonly used to stimulate appetite and muscle mass in persons with advanced malignancy or other conditions characterized by advanced malnutrition. These compounds are also often abused by athletes who are trying to build muscle mass. Athletes often take multiple compounds at the same time (stacking) or sequentially to try to maximize their anabolic effects. This type of use is not based on scientific data but rather on hyperbole often spread by individuals with no medical or scientific background. Athletes who use these compounds in this way are unaware of the potential adverse effects or do not care. [Pg.731]

Most of the drugs are transported bound to nonspecific sites on plasma proteins, mostly to albumin (for acidic drugs) and to a -acid glycoprotein (for basic drugs). Binding to other proteins like ceruloplasmin and transcortin generally occurs to a much smaller extent. The binding is usually reversible and depends on the individual compound. [Pg.29]

Since recoveries were similar for pyrazines from either source, these data suggest that the proteins did not interfere with the production of the individual compounds from their precursors, but rather proteins adsorbed the compounds after they were formed. [Pg.483]

The origin of the extremes in the accumulation ratio (//) versus surfactant concentration curves is different for the individual compounds (in particular for proteins [74]) and for mixtures of two surface active components [78], For individual substances a maximum is reached at saturation of the adsorption layer and, respectively, CF after which further increase in concentration Cl leads to decrease in Ef. [Pg.688]


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Individual Compounds

Individual Proteins

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