Protection and upgrading

Turboexpander Protection and Upgrading 439 Pressure ratio bypass valve ... 

Nevertheless, due to increase of threats from different terrorist groups, works must be continued on further upgrading of the actual physical protection level at PA Mayak s transport facilities. First and foremost, this implies prompt equipment of the special train of TK-VG-18 railcars and the TK-VS escort-car with up-to-date systems of physical protection and communications. 

Level of protection 2 (LP-2) is a high-level passive protection that does not utilize sensors. Options for achieving LP-2 include site selection, addition and upgrade of filters and adsorption units specific to biological and chemical threats, compartmentalization and overpressurization of building interiors, filtration of outdoor air, relocation of outdoor air intake vents, local air-washes,2 security protection in the surrounding area, and appropriate operational responses. 

Murphy Oil USA Clean Air Act Settlement—On September 28, 2010, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U.S. Justice Department announced that Murphy Oil USA has agreed to pay a 1.25 million civil penalty to resolve violations of the Clean Air Act at its petroleum refineries in Meraux, Louisiana and Superior, Wisconsin. As part of the settlement, the company will spend more than 142 million to install new and upgraded pollution reduction equipment at the refineries and also spend an additional 1.5 million on a sujq>lemental environmental project. 

Charles J Mozina, P.E. (2004) Upgrading the Protection and Grounding of Generators at Petroleum and Chemical Facilities", IEEE, Paper No. PCIC-20044i... 

We expect that the proposed approach for the surface modification of polymeric membranes and the generation of the multilayered membrane assembUes can be straightforwardly employed as an efficient platform to fabricate breathable protective materials. The platform is highly tunable and upgradeable, since various parameters can be varied at will. First of all, membranes of different natures with different pore sizes can be employed. Second of all, various pre-modified (re)active/hydrophilic/hydrophobic membranes can be assembled together in a number of sequences. An additional advantage is the possibility of loading intermembrane space with functional micro- and nanoparticles, such as catalysts and/or adsorbents. Finally, in the assembly, protective elements are prefabricated and located at different levels and, thus, the compatibility issue can be resolved and multi-functionality can be achieved. 

Moreover, constant optimization and upgrading in various fields of the national economy have promoted the development of a group of new industries such as envirorunental protection, new energy, and new materials. Table VI exhibits the future predicted Chinese demand for various specialty chemical segments. As shown in this table, all major Specialty chemicals sub-segments are expected to double their volume from 2003 to 2010 [15]. 

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