Propyl benzene, decomposition

The principal process in use is the peroxidation of cumene (wo-propyl benzene) at 130°C in the presence of air and a catalyst followed by decomposition of the peroxide at 55 to 65°C in the presence of sulfuric acid. 

Chemical Designations — Synonyms Cymol p-Isopropyltoluene Isopropyltoluol 1-Methyl-4-Isopropyl-benzene Methyl Propyl Benzene Chemical Formula p-CHjC6H4CH(CH3)2. Observable Characteristics — Physical State (as normally shipped) Liquid Color Colorless Odor Mild, pleasant aromatic, solvent-type. Physical and Chemical Properties — Physical State at 15 C and 1 atm. Liquid Molecular Weight 134.2 Boiling Point at 1 atm. 351, 177, 450 Freezing Point -90.2, -67.9, 205.3 Critical Temperature Not pertinent Critical Pressure Not pertinent Specific Gravity 0.857 at 20"C (liquid) Vapor (Gas) Density Not pertinent Ratio of Specific Heats of Vapor (Gas) Not pertinent Latent Heat of Vaporization 122, 67.8, 2.84 Heat of Combustion -18,800, -10,400, -437 Heat of Decomposition Not pertinent. Health Hazards Information — Recommended... 

This is prepared by the general method of reduction of the dichloride using aqueous potassium metabisulphite. It crystallises from hot water or benzene-petroleum as yellow needles, melting without decomposition at 110° to 112° C., very soluble in cold acetone or hot benzene. It possesses residual acidity, dissolving in cold 5N sodium hydroxide to give an intensely yellow solution which blackens rapidly and then has an odour of methyl n-propyl ketone. 

It is characteristic that the new entrant methyl group assumes the ortho position to the nitro group and thus a substitution occurs which is similar to nucleophilic attack. Recently it has been found by Jackson and Waters [72] that higher nitrated benzene derivatives such as m- dinitrobenzene, or 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, become homolytic hydrogen acceptors at temperatures of 80-100°C especially in the presence of the 2-cyano-2-propyl radical, which is formed by thermal decomposition of a,a -azo-bis-isobutyronitrile... 

Ionic contributions to the transition state are also indicated from the effect of solvent polarity upon the rate of decomposition of l,2-di- -propyl-l-carbo-I-butylperoxycyclopropene. A linear correlation is observed with the yvalues of Dimroth and Reichardt for the following solvents ethyl benzene, chlorobenzene, benzonitrile, acetonitrile and benzyl alcohol . 

More detailed discussion regarding the model performance is given by Wen and Fan (1975) and Mori and Wen (1975). The literature-reported applications of this model include a combustion study of coal with limestone injection by Horio and Wen (1975), a coal gasification study by Mori et al. (1983), a study on catalytic oxidation of benzene by Jafffes et al. (1983), a catalytic ammoxidation of propylent by Stergiou and Laguerie (1983), a silane decomposition study by Li et al. (1989), a catalytic oxidation of methane by Mleczko et al. (1992), and a study on chlorination of rutile by Zhou and Sohn (1996). 

Methacrylate-substituted POSS macromers have been made that contain one polymerizable functional group. These macromers have been both homopolymerized and copolymerized (Fig. 8a). Propyl methacrylate-substituted POSS monomers 9 and 10, containing seven nonreactive cyclohexyl and cyclopentyl groups, respectively, are examples. SolubiUty differences between the MA-POSS monomers 9 and 10 were observed in THF, toluene, and benzene. The cyclohexyl-substituted MA-POSS 9 has approximately twice the solubility of the cyclopentyl-substituted MA-POSS 10. Furthermore, monomer 9 displayed a broad two-step thermal transition beginning at 187°C, which involves melting, thermal polymerization and decomposition, whereas 10 gave a similar thermal transition beginning at 192°C. X-ray... 

The 5 can be separated into donor and acceptor components using values of enthalpies of the Itydrogen bond formation between proton-donors and proton-acceptors. In the absence of such data it is possible to evaluate TDM parameters by means of analysis of parameters of compounds having similar chemical stracture. For example, propyl acetate parameters can been calculated by the interpolation of corresponding parameters of butyl acetate and ethyl acetate,parameters of benzene can be calculated by decomposition of 5h into acceptor and donor components in the way used for toluene. ... 

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