Thromboplastin time prolonged partial

Hematological Effects. Leukocytosis and decreased platelet counts were reported in a group of subjects shortly after they ingested an unknown amount of endosulfan (Blanco-Coronado et al. 1992). One subject from that study, who eventually died, had prolonged partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time with thrombocytopenia, and decreased fibrinogen two days after being admitted to the hospital. Elevated white cell count was also observed in an additional case of fatal acute poisoning with... 

II Umbilical cord, joint, and mucosal tract bleeding Prolonged prothrombin (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) Specific assay for prothrombin... 

Activated partial thromboplastin time aPTT is performed by adding calcium phospholipids and kaolin to citrated blood and measures the time required for a fibrin clot to form. In this manner, aPTT measures the activity of intrinsic and common pathways. Prolongation of aPTT may be due to a deficiency or inhibitor for factors II, V, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII. It also may be due to heparin, direct thrombin inhibitors, vitamin K deficiency, liver disease, or lupus anticoagulant. 

Therapy with heparin occurs in an inpatient setting. Heparin inhibits both in vitro and in vivo clotting of blood. Whole blood clotting time and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) are prolonged in proportion to blood heparin concentrations. 

E. Therapeutic response Intravenous bivalirudin produces a rapid and dose-dependent prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time, activated clotting time (ACT), and thrombin time. 

The indications for the use of heparin are described in the section on clinical pharmacology. A plasma concentration of heparin of 0.2-0.4 unit/mL (by protamine titration) or 0.3-0.7 unit/mL (anti-Xa units) usually prevents pulmonary emboli in patients with established venous thrombosis. This concentration of heparin will prolong the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) to 2-2.5 times that of the control value. This degree of anticoagulant effect should be maintained throughout the course of continuous intravenous heparin therapy. When intermittent heparin administration is used, the aPTT should be measured 6 hours after the administered dose to maintain prolongation of the aPTT to 2-2.5 times that of the control value. 

Superwarfarins lower the blood concentrations of the vitamin K-dependent clotting factors II, VII, IX and X this results in prolongation of prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT). PT and PTT should be repeated at least twice daily until a normal PT and PTT are established. Also, the blood clotting time and the bleeding time should be measured. Blood is often demonstrable in the excreta. Secondary hypochromic or microcytic anemia may be marked (Goldfrank et al, 2002 Nelson et al, 2006). 

Asymptomatic prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time associated with Inpus anticoagulant and a reduction in the coagulation activity of factors IX, XI, and XII occurred after 10 weeks of interferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in a 60-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C (236). There were no arguments in favor of an antiphospholipid syndrome, and all the abnormalities normalized after withdrawal. 

Disorders of fibrinogen also occur in the liver. For example, dysfibrinogenemia may be seen in both acute and chronic liver disease and leads to prolongation of the partial thromboplastin time, Disseminated intravascular coagulation occurs with acute hepatic necrosis, presumably as a result of the release of tissue thromboplastin and defective clearance of inhibitors such as antithrombin and protein C. Thrombocytopenia may contribute to ineffective intravascular coagulation. Although commonly attributed to splenic sequestration (hypersplenism), there is evidence of antibody-mediated platelet destruction, as occurs in... 

Several new compounds have been reported that affect the formation of a fibrin clot. Aromatic diamidines, such as, 21, were reported to inhibit several proteolytic enzymes including thrombin.74 Concanavalin A (a globulin protein from the jack bean) inhibits fibrin formation by inhibiting the lipoprotein cofactor in the production of thrombin and thus decreasing the rate of thrombin production.75 Several antibiotics (penicillins and cephalosporins) have been reported to affect fibrin clot formation as well as platelet function. Cephalothin (22) has been shown to delay fibrin polymerization and thus prolong the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time tests.78... 

Reduced side-effects compared to PT-based ODN In contrast to PT-based CpG-ODN, dSLIM induced no liver and spleen enlargements after 7 days of consecutive intraperitoneal injection into mice. Both molecule groups were compared regarding equal mass and molarity. Furthermore, PO-based dSLIM do not significantly prolong the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), as reported previously for PT-based ODN. 

Hepatic injury can also alter the synthesis of the blood coagulation cascade and prolong prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin times. These effects on vitamin K dependent coagulation factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X and protein C, protein S, and protein Z tend to affect the prothombin time (PT) more frequently than the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) however in some cases of hepatotoxicity, the APTT changes may be more marked than those for PT (Pritchard et al. 1987). 

Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) Laboratory test used to monitor the anticoagulant effect of regular heparin prolonged when dmg effect is adequate... 

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