Projections maximum development times

Figure 2.1 The maximum and minimum development times for a drug in 1996 and projections for the year 2000. (Reprinted with permission from Banerjee and Rosofsky, 1997. Copyright 1997 Andersen Consulting.)...

To achieve maximum reproducibility you must make these decisions instead of leaving them to the machine. You will have to do a methods development project. TUrn off the automatics, shoot a sample, adjust a variable, and then repeat until you have it right. When setting variables manually, we first set the peak width followed by slope rejection and then noise rejection. If peak width is correct, the print gap, left when the integrator prints the retention time, will fall half way down the backside of the peak. If it falls closer to the... 

The innovator must be supported to the maximum extent possible by staff and facilities. By this, I don t mean that he/she needs six assistants when one or two are enough, and the latest model electron microscope is usually not required when the model purchased five years ago has been updated with necessary auxilary equipment. But it is certainly counterproductive to understaff the innovator s work and unconsciously force him/her to apply his/her talent to devising supportive measures that are more readily supplied by an (or another) assistant. Supportive equipment, since it often involves significant capital outlay, is another matter but I suggest that it is prudent to provide the best equipment the company can afford to provide maximum information and shortest possible response time in supportive functions like analytical or instrument service. After all, time is nearly always the most vital commodity in any research or development project - earlier completion means a plant on stream... 

The effort and duration estimates should be developed from the bottom up, preferably by the persons responsible for their execution, in contrast to the top-down, high-level estimates prepared during the project definition phase. They should take into account past experiences with similar, standard processes, to the extent possible. As predictions, the estimates should be equally Ukely to be above or below the actual results rather than represent the minimum or maximum time. Figure 4 provides an example of task time estimates. 

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