Production-process conceptualization

TABLE 8.1 Examples of Restrictions that can be Imposed on the Product by Production Methods 

Laser structuring Ensure accessibility for laser beam 

Assembly/placement Ensure accessibility for placement robot 

Connection technique Note temperature resistance of the material 

Conceptualization of the production process parallels product conceptualization. On the one hand, the basic product solution entails restrictions in terms of the possible production processes. On the other hand, there are production-related restrictions deriving from the processes involved in production. The interrelationships dealt with superficially in the remarks on the preceding process step are analyzed in detail here. Invariably, the two phases product conceptualization and MID production-process conceptualization are iterative. 

---

FIGURE 8.6 Process steps in MID production-process conceptualization... 

The preceding phase of production process conceptualization (Section 8.1.2) produced the concept for the production process. Together with the data from product design (precision design of the interconnect device, circuit diagram) it provides the input variabie for subsequent eiaboration. The objective is to produce fuiiy eiaborated production processes and test procedures. The compatibility between product and production process is verified, and then the production concept of the interconnect device is eiaborated in more detail. This phase is closed by selection of the test procedures for quality assurance. These procedures are then integrated into the elaborated production process. 

Figure 8.3.1. Conceptual diagram of typical ammonia production process.

For over four decades, many process engineers have witnessed and participated in many major crude oil and gas production facility conceptual and detail engineering designs. Some of these designs were the first of their type. However, our main core of surface facility design... 

Tennessee. He worked on the processing and fabrication of fresh and irradiated nuclear fuels materials at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and at the General Atomic Company for 20 years. For the past five years he has done conceptual and bench-role process design for hydrogen production processes, principally for thermochemical water-splitting processes. 

The analysis could be extended to other processes, as acid-base equilibria and reactions related to intermolecular proton transfer, or involving a change of electronic state, but what has been said is sufficient to convey the essential message, i.e. the determination of the energetic balance of a reaction, and of the equilibrium between reagents and products, albeit conceptually simple, requires a serious consideration of the computational tools one has to select. 

The MHR is well suited for coupling to hydrogen production processes based on thermochemical water splitting and HTE. Both the Sl-based and HTE-based H2-MHR concepts have the potential to produce hydrogen safely, efficiently, and economically. Work on both concepts should continue beyond the conceptual design phase, which will provide a sound basis for a focused technology-development program that could eventually lead to commercial deployment of one or both concepts. 

Table 4, Twelve Principles of Green C iieinisiry." serves to provide a road map for chemists and chemical engineers to implement the use of sound, responsible chemistry for P2, or green chemistry, during the conceptual design of chemical products/processes in order to reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances. ...

Figure 1.11 Conceptual scheme of the EniChem one-step DMC production process. Source Rivetti [72].

The central issue of this approach is that of supporting traceability. To enable traceability, first of all the conceptual relations between products, processes and their dependencies need to be examined. Therefore, in [376] the traceability reference model shown in Fig. 4.1 was abstracted from a large number of industrial case studies. This model distinguishes between product-oriented and process-oriented trace objects. 

The various partial models of the Process Data Warehouse are interconnected through the Core Ontology which consists of four primary areas of conceptualization products, processes, descriptions, and storage. This central model comprises the concepts of process modeling and enactment, of products and documents, dependencies, decision support and documentation, for the description of content and categorizations, and other integration models. 

Fig. 6.3.5 Conceptual design for the production process of sterols and esterified stanols from wood sterols. FAE fatty acid esters VD vacuum distillation SPD short path distillation...

Fig. 8. Conceptual flow diagram for an integrated lactic acid production process...

---