Process safety management international application

In the previous chapter, it was established that in industry, plant hazards can cause harm to property (plant—machinery, asset), people, or the environment. So, it is important to develop some means of analyzing these and come up with a solution. Unfortunately, it is not as straightforward as it sounds. There are plenty of plant hazard analysis (PHA) techniques and each of them has certain strengths and weaknesses. Also each specific plant and associated hazard has specific requirements to be matched so that hazard analysis will be effective. In this chapter, various hazards (in generic terms) will be examined to judge their importance, conditions, quality, etc. so that out of so many techniques available for PHA it is possible to select which one is better (not the best because that needs to be done by experts specifically for the concerned plant) suited for the type of plant. So, discussion will be more toward evaluation of PHA techniques. Some PHA is more suited for process safety management (PSM) and is sometimes more applicable for internal fault effects [e.g., hazard and operability study (HAZOP)]. In contrast, hazard identification (HAZID) is applicable for other plants, especially for the identification of external effects and maj or incidents. HAZID is also covered in this chapter. As a continuation of the same discussion, it will be better to look at various aspects of risk analysis with preliminary ideas already developed in the previous chapter. In risk analysis risk assessment, control measures for safety management systems (SMSs) will be discussed to complete the topic. 

The HSE internal document Proems safety management systems also identifies principles of process safety management. Although intended for process safety management of offshore installations, many of the principles are equally applicable onshore. Key points are ... 

In this section, you will be introduced to process safety and be provided with some background, some unique definitions, an overview of the U.S. OSHA and EPA rules that are applicable to U.S. industry, and be shown the interface of system and process safety. There is also a chapter on the EPA rule that is akin to the OSHA Process Safety Management (PSM) rule. Further, there is a chapter that discusses the implementation of the PS. Finally, there is a concluding chapter that discusses PS reviews, both external and internal, to ensure that the process remains safe, but also that improvements are periodically made to enhance operations as well as safety. 

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