Process Safety Management chemical integrity

In addition to the incorporation of a wide range of management techniques that are shown in Figure 1.1, operational integrity can be applied to a much wider variety of industries than is the case with process safety management. Operational Integrity Management (OIM) can be used not only in chemical facilities and refineries, but also in transportation, pipelines, and offshore oil and gas. 

CCPS G-38. Guidelines for Integrating Process Safety Management, Environment, Safety, Health, and Quality. American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Center for Chemical Process Safety, New York. 

The purpose of this chapter is to set out in concrete terms the ways in which the techniques described in the previous sections can be implemented in the chemical process plant environment. The integration of error and process safety management systems is also described. 

Water and steam are nearly always present in most chemical processes. Their physical properties are generally well understood. Process perils are sometimes related to the infamous deeds of water and steam. The thrust of OSHAs Process Safety Management Law of 1992 focused on the processes that handled a list of 140 highly hazardous chemicals as well as processes that contained an over 10,000 pounds (4,540 kg) of flammable liquids or gases. Even after those chemicals are handled with higher levels of mechanical integrity and additional scrutiny, we will still need to keep our eye on water and its sometimes evil twin, steam. 

In this chapter we will emphasize system upsets or abnormal situations where the loss or degradation of components or controls could allow process parameters to exceed the design intent or limit of the process or equipment, resulting in an accidental chemical release. The time factor involved in an operator s ability to assess and correct an operating deviation is discussed in more detail in CCPS Guidelines for Integrating Human Factors into Process Safety Management Systems ... 

For additional information on this topic, refer to Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) publication Guidelines for Integrating Human Factors into Process Safety Management Systems, New York, New York, 1995. 

Mansfield, D. P. 1996. The development of an integrated toolkit for inherent SHE. International Conference and Workshop on Process Safety Management and Inherently Safer Processes (AIChE), Orlando, FL, October 8-11,1996, American Instimte of Chemical Engineers, New York, pp. 103-117. 

Management systems for chemical process safety are comprehensive sets of policies, procedures, and practices designed to ensure that barriers to major incidents are in place, in use, and effective. The management systems serve to integrate process safety concepts into ongoing activities of everyone involved in operations— from the chemical process operator to the chief executive officer. 

---