Primary explosives decomposition products

The low molecular weight primary dialkyl peroxides are shock-sensitive and explosive, with sensitivity decreasing with increasing molecular weight. Decomposition products from primary and secondary dialkyl... 

The same reaction occurs at lower temperatures 0.665% of a given portion of the material decomposes in 3 years at 20°, 2.43% in 1 year at 35°, 0.65% in 10 days at 50°, and 100% during 14 hours heating at 100°. The decomposition is not self-catalyzed. The product, hexanitrosobenzene, m.p. 159°, is stable, not hygroscopic, not a primary explosive, and is comparable to tetryl in its explosive properties. 

It was supposed that, because of a rapid intramolecular energy pooling, infrared laser multiphoton decomposition at low laser fluence usually proceeds via the energetically most favourable reaction channel [26], From the material balance of gaseous decomposition products (Fig. 2) it was inferred that there are common primary steps for both the thermal and the explosive laser-induced decomposition of (fluoromethyl)silanes. 

Diamminediazidocopper(II), [(NH3)2Cu (N3)2] , the primary decomposition product of the above complex, was formerly considered the azide salt of a cationic complex [188], i.e., of the composition [(NH3)2Cu ] (N3)2,but its chemical behavior [190] and crystal structure [191] support the constitution of a neutral azido complex. It is a blue, crystalline solid which is insoluble in water. The compound deflagrates on friction or impact. In a flame it explodes violently after apparently first decomposing to Cu(N3)2, which is suggested by the color change and its temperature of explosion (202°C). 

Nitrosamine (RpNNO) Containing Compounds. Nitrosamines are receiving attention in the explosives and propellants field, not so much for their value as primary materials, but from the fact they have been identified among the slow and fast thermal decomposition products of nitramines [42-44] and alkylammonium nitrate salts [70,72,73]. 

No influence of the wavelength on the variety of decomposition products was observed. The leading edge of the plume of irradiated primary explosives consists mainly of metal atoms. The high temperature and the high concentration of species resulted in self-absorption and line-broadening due to radiation transfer. Later, other reaction products did show up. 

The so-called Kneisl-Test is a simple method which can be used for the estimation of the long-term thermal stability, particularly for primary explosives. A defined quantity (e.g. 100 mg) of the substance under investigation is air sealed in a glass ampoule. This ampoule is then placed in an oven for 100 h at the temperature for which thermal stability should be determined. The ampoule is then opened, the remaining mass of substance weighed and any gaseous decomposed products which may have been formed are analyzed (IR, MS, GC-MS). In order to pass the test, the mass lost due to decomposition should not exceed 2% of the original sample mass. 

The anomalously low magnitudes of for the azides and the oxalates (10 ° to 10 ) are related to exothermic properties of these compounds (they are explosives). However, because their decompositions result in the formation of primary products differing from the equilibrium products, they turn out to be fairly stable around room temperature. 

The calculated vaporization coefficients of the oxalates are listed in Table 16.66. The lowest values of Ov, of the order of 10, are characteristic of silver and mercury oxalates. Both compounds are explosives. The enthalpies of the exothermic (at h q)othetical equilibrium) decomposition of these compounds are —112.5 and —114.2 kJ moP, respectively, so that the equilibrium pressure of CO2 at 400 K should reach 10 bar. However, the decomposition actually occurs considerably more slowly, because the composition of the primary vaporization products is essentially non-equilibrium. 

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