Primary aetiology

Immunocomplexes It has also been suggested that complement activation with subsequent bile-duct lesions and an increased synthesis of immunoglobulins is evoked by immunocomplexes. They are even considered to be responsible for the formation of granulomas. However, they are certainly not the primary aetiological factors. 

Nevertheless, for the purpose of this review we restrict ourselves to the conventional consideration of those toxic-nutritional-metabolic conditions which are of primary aetiological significance in the peripheral neuropathies. 

The primary purpose of medical research involving human subjects is to improve prophylactic, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and the understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of disease. Even the best proven prophylactic, diagnostic, and therapeutic methods must continuously be... 

Harden, L., Bengtsson, N.O., Jonsson, U., Erikssonn, S. Larsson, L.G. (1984) Aetiological aspects of primary liver cancer with special regard to alcohol, organic solvents and acute intermittent porphyria—an epidemiological investigation. Br. J. Cancer. 50, 389-397... 

Primary targets for attack by oxygen-derived free radical species are the polyunsaturated fatty-acid (PUFA) moieties of membrane phospholipids. Attack on low-density lipoprotein PUFA (LDL PUFA) must also be considered and is of primary importance in the consideration of the aetiology of atherosclerosis. The mechanism of all such peroxidation processes is likely to be the same and the inhibitory effect of antioxidants toward PUFA can be considered to be... 

At the end of the morphological development of chronic hepatitis, aetiologically defined cirrhosis occurs in a certain percentage of cases. In this connection, no primary cirrhosis exists (as with the exclusively historical term primary biliary cirrhosis). Even though cryptogenic cirrhosis may be in evidence, the term primary is not acceptable because cirrhosis is not a primary occurrence ... 

Sarcoidosis is a primary multisystemic, granulomatous disease of (still) unknown aetiology with enhanced immunity at the site of manifestation. The lungs and the intrathoracic lymph nodes are nearly always affected. In many cases, the extrathoracic organs are involved as well. Sarcoidosis is characterized by the presence of epithelioid cell granulomas, which do not show caseous changes. 

Antidotes e. g. silibinin against Amanita poisoning or N-acetylcysteine in paracetamol intoxication, haemarginate in acute porphyria Primary iiver therapeutics e. g. penicillamine, glucocorticoids, azathioprine, interferon-a, aimed at primary intervention in the aetiology or pathomechanism of liver disease. 

Since autoantibodies are detectable in healthy subjects it is not possible to say whether or not their increased detection in CNS degenerative and inflammatory disease is a result of a new primary response or the stimulation of preexisting B-cell clones by the macrophage transfer of antigen from the brain. In a chronic inflammatory disease with a suspected autoimmune aetiology such as multiple sclerosis there has been a failure to identify a primary pathogenic autoantigen, but many... 

O.stcoporosis is characterized by a reduction in bone mass per unit volume. The composition of the matrix is essentially nonnal. but there is just less of it. The cortical areas of bones are thinner than nomial and the trabeculae are smaller and le.ss extensive (Fig. I). Both sexes show a gradual bone loss throughout life but women lo.se bone rapidly in the postmenopausal years. This is called primary osteoporosis and is of unknown aetiology. 

Although both sexes show a gradual bone loss throughout life, women lose bone rapidly in the postmenopausal years. This primary osteoporosis Is of unknown aetiology. 

Post-synaptic receptors are also altered in the brain of patients with Alzheimer s disease. NMDA and metabotropic receptors are decreased with less marked effects on AMPA receptors. These changes occur in areas of the brain most pathologically affected by the disease. Several pieces of evidence are inconsistent with a primary role for excitotoxic mechanisms in the aetiology of Alzheimer s disease, but it is nevertheless probable that these mechanisms participate in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer s disease which explains the development of many compounds affecting all levels of aminoexcitatory transmission. 

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