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Preschoolers stimulants

Methylphenidate is now the most widely used of the stimulants. It has a well-established record of safety and tolerability and has been used in children throughout the school years and in adults as well. In preschool children, the effects of methylphenidate can vary. [Pg.241]

Stimulant treatment of ADHD has generated the largest body of treatment literature of any childhood psychiatric disorder. Between 1962 and 1993, over 250 reviews and over 3000 articles were published on stimulant effects (Swanson, 1993). By 1996, 161 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) had been published, encompassing 5 preschool, 150 school-age, 7 adolescent, and 9 adult studies. Improvement occurred in 65 %-75% of the children randomized to stimulants (meth-ylphenidate) [MPH] n = 133 trials dextroamphetamine [DEX] n = 22 trials pemoline [PEM] n = 6 trials) compared to 5%-30% of those assigned to pla-... [Pg.255]

An improved understanding of the neurobiological substrates underlying attentional mechanisms, as well as the mechanisms of stimulant action, could aid in the development of future medication formulations. The lack of data on stimulant use in particular populations, especially among preschoolers and children with developmental disabilities, and questions regarding the safety and efficacy of long-term stimulant treatment underscore the need for further research. [Pg.261]

Heinen, E, Glocker, F.X., Fietzek, U., Meyer, B.U., Lucking, C.H., and Korinthenberg, R. (1998) Absence of transcallosal inhibition following focal magnetic stimulation in preschool children. Ann Neurol 43 608-612. [Pg.384]

The major psychotropic drug classes (stimulants, ttj agonists, antidepressants and neuroleptics) that have been studied in the preschool population are summarized below. [Pg.656]

TABLE 49.1 Randomized Controlled Studies of Stimulants in Preschool-Aged Children... [Pg.657]

Firestone, P., Monteiro-Musten, L., Pisterman, S., Mercer, J., and Bennett, S. (1998) Short-term side effects of stimulant medication are increased in preschool children with attention-deficit/hyper-activity disorder a double-blind placebo-controlled study. / Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 8 13—25. [Pg.666]

As noted above, Zito and colleagues (2000) reported stimulant use in a Medicaid population of 12.3/1000 preschoolers, with rates of stimulants, antidepressants, and other medications such as clonidine increasing dramatically since 1991. Unfortunately, in the absence of efficacy data and details on the actual diagnoses of the children, as well as no documentation of the children s actual functioning or types of care received, this study... [Pg.706]

This group of medications has been studied for the treatment of hyperactivity or ADHD since 1936 and has consistentiy shown robust efficacy in more than 150 randomized ciinicai triais (RCTs) of schooi-aged chiidren. There are more than 3,000 citations and 250 reviews of stimulant treatment (63, 64 and 65). Robust short-term stimulant-related improvement in ADHD has been reported in 161 controlled RCTs, including five preschool, 140 school-age, seven adolescent, and nine adult studies (66). There were 133 trials with methylphenidate, 22 with dextroamphetamines, and six with pemoline. In addition, two studies found treatment with mixed amphetamine salts to be superior to placebo (67, 68). [Pg.277]

The number of children ages two to four years of age who are being prescribed stimulants such as Ritalin, antidepressants, and other psychiatric drugs soared by 50% from 1991 to 1995, according to a study of 200,000 preschoolers that appeared in the February 23, 2000, Journal of the American Medical Association JAMA). [Pg.353]

The DEA (1995b) also observed that adverse effects of irritability or sadness have not been well studied but have been reported in up to 22% of children on stimulant medication. Elsewhere in the same document, the DEA noted that with both Ritalin and amphetamine, psychotic episodes, violent behavior and bizarre mannerisms have been reported (p. 16). Emotionally disturbing adverse effects are even more common with the youngest children. Dulcan and Popper (1991) noted that in preschool children, there is a greater risk of side effects, especially sadness, irritability, clinging, insomnia, and anorexia (p. 188). [Pg.292]


See other pages where Preschoolers stimulants is mentioned: [Pg.259]    [Pg.655]    [Pg.656]    [Pg.659]    [Pg.659]    [Pg.659]    [Pg.661]    [Pg.704]    [Pg.704]    [Pg.725]    [Pg.737]    [Pg.1]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.59 , Pg.259 , Pg.655 , Pg.657 , Pg.658 ]




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Preschool

Preschoolers

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