Pregnancy embryonic development

Pregnancy, see eJw Embryonic development energy lequirements, 301, 306 fotate deficiency in, 507,511 high blood pressure and, 730 iron deficiency, 751, 756 ]aclalLon,306... 

The effects of CR on rabbit and rat embryonic development were studied by Upshall. Animals were exposed to aerosolized CR at concentrations of 2, 20, and 200 mgim for 5- to 7-min exposures. Additionally, some rats were dosed intragastri-cally at 2, 20, and 100 mg/kg on days 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 of pregnancy, and others were dosed intragastrically with 400 mg/kg on days 7, 10, and 13 of pregnancy. Rabbits were dosed intragastrically with CR (0.2, 2, and 20 mg/kg) on days 6, 8,10, 12,14, 16, and 18 of pregnancy. 

Mice seem to be more susceptible to the toxicity of excess iodine. Gao et al. (1998) reported that a decrease in average body length and abnormal fusion of the supra-occipital were observed in fetuses from maternal mice exposed to 3.0mg/l iodine for 3 months. Li et al. (2001) also reported that maternal exposure to 3.0mg/l iodine had an adverse effect on pregnancy and embryonic development in mice, resulting in an increased incidence of abnormal fetuses and skeletal malformation. However,... 

Taken together, these hndings indicate that endocannabinoid signaling may directly mediate diverse functions from early embryonic development to birth. All these processes are potential targets for exogenous carmabinoids, which may account for many adverse effects of marijuana and carmabinoids on pregnancy outcome. 

If protein synthesis occurring at mitoribosomes plays a critical role at the time of placentation, severe overall disturbances of embryonic development should result from inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis during this stage. We studied this question by giving CAP to pregnant rats from days 12 to 14 of pregnancy. Here the activity of cytochrome oxidase in the embryos was measured as well as the growth... 

Following the observation that inadequate levels of methionine and choline during critical periods of embryonic development led to subclinical effects on the thymolymphatic system we examined the functional capacity of lymphocytes derived from these animals and their ability to react to SRBC immunization. Initial pilot studies with a limited number of animals showed a depressed response to the mitogen PHA in splenocytes from rats whose mothers were fed a marginal lipotrope diet during pregnancy (Newberne and Gebhardt,... 

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