Pregnancy constipation

Amantadine is used cautiously in patients with seizure disorders, psychiatric problems, renal impairment, and cardiac disease. Amantadine is a Pregnancy Category B drug and is used cautiously during pregnancy and lactation. Concurrent use of antihistamines, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants, disopyramide, and quinidine may increase the anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation) of amantadine... 

Recommend nonpharmacologic therapy for the following disorders when they occur during pregnancy or lactation nausea and vomiting, constipation, heartburn, pain, and cough and cold. 

First trimester Menstrual spotting, missed menses, fatigue, breast tenderness, increased urination, mood swings, nau-sea/vomiting, headache, heartburn, constipation Second trimester Frequent urination, heartburn, constipation, dry skin, edema, linea nigra, melasma Third trimester Backache, edema, shortness of breath Routine Pregnancy Visits... 

Thalidomide (Thalomid) Severe birth defects, peripheral neuropathy, deep vein thrombosis, somnolence, constipation Start at 50 mg by mouth daily and titrate to a maximum of 800 mg doses are taken nightly Women of childbearing age must use two forms of contraception Pregnancy test must be taken before and during use... 

Constipation commonly occurs during pregnancy. Nondrug modalities such as education, physical exercise, biofeedback, and increased intake of dietary fiber and fluid should be instituted first. 

Elderly Advanced age was associated with a decrease of tiotropium renal clearance, which may be explained by decreased renal function. In the placebo-controlled studies, a higher frequency of dry mouth, constipation, and urinary tract infections was observed with increasing age in the tiotropium group. Pregnancy Category C. 

Elderly Patients 65 years of age and older who received tegaserod for chronic idiopathic constipation experienced a higher incidence of diarrhea and discontinuations because of diarrhea than patients younger than 65 years of age. Pregnancy Category B. Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed. 

Adverse effects include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and/or constipation, weight gain, skin rash hair loss, neutropenia, tremors and ataxia are occasionally reported. Valproic acid is contraindicated in liver disease, especially cirrhosis, pregnancy and hypersensitivity. 

The approved dose for IBS is 8 meg twice daily (compared with 24 meg twice daily for chronic constipation). Lubiprostone has not been compared with other less expensive laxatives (eg, milk of magnesia). Lubiprostone is listed as category C for pregnancy and should be avoided in women of childbearing age. 

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