Progesterone Prednisolone

Prednisolone Progesterone Protease Inlaibitors Quinidine (1 )-Warfarin Rifampin Sertraline Sirolimus Simvastatin Tacrolimus Testosterone Trazadone Triazolam Voriconazole ... 

Extracted betamethasone, chloroquine, corticosterone, cortisone, dexamethasone, fluen-drenolide, fluocinolone acetonide, fluorometholone, fluprednisolone, hydrocortisone, hydroxychloroquine, 178-hydroxyprogesterone, meprednisone, methylprednisolone, methyl-prednisolone acetate, paramethasone, prednisolone, progesterone, trieimcinolone Noninterfering aspirin, ibuprofen, indomethacin, phenylbutazone, pregnenolone... 

Extracted corticosterone, ll-deojg cortisol, hydrocortisone, 17-hydro QT)rogesterone, 6a-methylprednisolone, prednisolone, progesterone... 

The manufacture of prednisolone (30) follows a similar route. 11-Oxo-progesterone (34) is treated with two molar equivalents of diethyl oxalate and sodium methoxide in /-butanol. The product (39) is acidified and treated with... 

When A -3-ketosteroids or A -3-ketosteroids are treated with zinc dust in 40% sulfuric acid, a fluorescent product is produced. This product can be extracted by butyl ether and measured quantitatively [115]. The relative order of fluorescence intensities was prednisolone (100), triamcinolone (95), triamcinolone acetonide (60), cortisone (3.7), hydrocortisone (3.5), and progesterone (5.2). 

In every case the information provided has been obtained by collating public domain sources of information, but unfortunately very often little data is available, particularly on commercial aspects, even for products that have proved to be big successes. Thus microbial biotransformations for steroid modification, particularly stereoselective hydroxylations, such as the use of Rhizopus arrhizus to convert progesterone into antiinflammatory and other dmgs via 11- -hydroxyprogestrone, have proved to be very successful. However, comparatively little useful information exists from public domain sources, despite (or perhaps because) a market of hundreds of millions /a exists for such microbially transformed steroids (cortisone, aldosterone, prednisolone and prednisone etc.) produced by microbial hydroxylation and dehydrogenation reactions coupled with complimentary chemical steps. 

Unlike prednisolone and dexamethasone, which are structurally related to cortisol, fluorometholone is a fluo-rinated structural analogue of progesterone. Formulated both as an alcohol and acetate derivative, fluorometholone has proven to be an effective agent in external ocular inflammations, with relatively low potential for elevating lOP. 

Like fluorometholone, medrysone is a synthetic derivative of progesterone. As compared with prednisolone, dexamethasone, and fluorometholone, medrysone exhibits limited corneal penetration and a lower affinity for glucocorticoid receptors. In clinical use it appears to be the weakest of the available ophthalmic steroids. Medrysone can be useful for superficial ocular inflammations, including allergic and atopic conjunctivitis, but intraocular inflammatory conditions generally do not respond. Clinical experience with medrysone has also indicated that it is less likely to cause a significant rise in lOP. However, caution needs to be exercised in patients known to respond to steroids with a rise in lOP (so-called steroid responders), because pressure increases can lead to ocular damage. 

Variations in lattice energies between amorphous and crystalline forms can significantly influence a drug s aqueous solubility, and increases of several hundredfold were observed for morphine and benzimidazole derivatives. Furthermore, a substance may exist in more than one crystalline form, such as chloramphenicol, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), progesterone, sul-fathiazole, carbamazepine, cortisone, or prednisolone, to name a few. Polymorphic transformations, routinely observed for pharmaceuticals, are structural differences resulting from different crystal arrangements of molecules in the solid state. Although thermodynamic differences between polymorphs disappear once dissolved. 

Specificity The cross-reactivity of digitoxin, digitoxigenin, dihydrodigoxin, progesterone, testosterone, ouabain, cholesterol, prednisolone, cortisol, corticosterone, 17-P-estradiol and spironolactone is < 10%. 

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