Predator drugs

Chemical Diversion and Human performance toxicology Predator drugs... 

When administered orally, the predator drug Rohypnol (flunitrazepam) has a bioavailability F of 70%. A woman arrives unconscious in the emergency room with signs that a sexual assault may have occurred within the last hour. She weighs 120 lb, and... 

Drug facilitated sexual assault A sexual assault that involves the use of a predator drug such as rohypnol or ketamine. 

Predator drugs A class of drugs used in drug facilitated sexual assault. 

Oil-soluble derivatives of testosterone itself predate those of its 19-nor congener these agents too are used to administer depot injections so as to provide in effect long-term blood levels of drug. Thus, acylation of testosterone with propionyl chloride in the presence of pyridine yields testosterone propionate (76a)acylation by means of decanoic anhydride yields testosterone decanoate (76b).Finally, reaction of 75 with 3-cyclopentylpropionyl chloride affords testosterone cypionate (76c)This last undergoes hydrolysis unusually slowly because of the presence of two substituents at the 5 position (see Newman s Rule of 6). ... 

Predators ignore sea hares because, like other mollusks without shells, they have chemicals that afford them the protection once given by a shell. (We saw earlier that a compound from a tropical sea hare is now a promising anticancer drug.) Many sea hares have an acrid or fetid odor that is distinctly unpleasant to humans. Their egg masses and their skin must be distasteful, because one exploratory bite is enough to convince a would-be assailant to look elsewhere for food. For some species, the deterrents responsible for these properties may come directly from their seaweed diet, but other species seem to synthesize these defenses for themselves. The evidence is mixed and confusing. 

A typical example is succinylcholine (suxamethonium, 7.62), although the discovery of this agent predates by decades the concept of soft drugs. In most individuals, this curarimimetic agent is very rapidly hydrolyzed to choline by plasma cholinesterase with a tm value of ca. 4 min [76] [134],... 

Plants are a rich potential source of drugs as they produce a vast array of novel bioactive molecules, many of which probably serve as chemical defences against infection or predation. In addition, the variety of different plant species present on the earth is staggering. There exist well over 265 000 flowering species alone, of which less that 1% have, thus far, been screened for the presence of any bioactive molecules of potential therapeutic use. 

Those families where the family member with the drug problem habitually stole from the house literally described it in terms of predation. Bank accounts were emptied and pension books were stolen, even at the price of leaving the parent without money themselves ... 

Rodents do not like to be out in the middle of a large open space. This makes sense, because going into open spaces increases the likelihood that the rodent will be spotted by a predator. Scientists can use the natural desire rodents have to avoid open spaces as a measure of how anxious a rat or a mouse is. In the defensive withdrawal test, rats or mice are placed in a bright open space that has an enclosed dark box off to one side. The amount of time that the rodent spends inside the box compared with the amount of time the rodent spends outside is thought to be a measure of anxiety. This test has been shown to be fairly sensitive to drugs. 

Over the course of human history there have been countless powerful natural and artificial drugs, but none parallel opium in its mythical status, range of uses, and longevity of interest. Indeed, no other drug has had an economic, political, and social influence comparable to opium and its derivatives. Opium is the oldest drug ever cultivated and actively pursued by the human species it even predates the fermentation of alcohol. The story of opium could fill entire libraries with historical, clinical, and anecdotal information. 

Where both partners are using drugs, often their parents disapprove of their son or daughter s chosen partner, even when the drug use predates the relationship. 

Where both partners are drug users, then the survival prospects for the relationship are better if the relationship predates the onset of drug use. If the male is providing drugs for his partner, he will be very reluctant to relinquish this role. 

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