Poultry feed for

Arsonic and arsinic acids have found a number of industrial uses. They have been used as corrosion inhibitors for iron and steel, additives to motor fuel, agricultural bactericides, herbicides, and fungicides. 3-Nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid (roxarsone) [121 -19-7] C H AsNOg, has found widespread use as an additive to poultry feed for the control of coccidiosis and other poultry diseases (122,123). Arsanilic acid [98-50-0] C HgAsNO, has also been used for this purpose (124) and for growth promotion in swine. It is manufactured and suppHed by Duphar Nutrition Co., Inc., Fleming Laboratories, Inc., Dr. Mayfield Laboratories, Inc., and Whitmoyer Laboratories, Inc. 4-Nitrophenylarsonic acid [98-72-6] C H AsNO and... 

The USP XX (30) and the Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) (44) describe in detail the curative method more commonly known as the rat line method. This method is not applicable to products offered for poultry feeding. For poultry feeds, and fish liver oils and their extracts, the AOAC (44) also describes in detail the chick bone ash method. In addition to the above two methods, there is a method based on the comparative measurement of serum calcium in rats referred to as Intestinal Calcium Transport Assay and another method based on the comparative amounts of calcium absorbed by control and test chicken referred to as Calcium Absorption Test. These methods are described by DeLuca and Blunt (45). 

Phenylarsonic arsenicals are less toxic to mammals than the inorganic arsenicals. Phenylarsonic compounds are usually incorporated in swine (and poultry) feed for disease control and to improve weight gain. Examples of these compounds include arsenilic acid, 3-nitroarsenilic acid, and 4-nitroarsenilic acid. Organic arsenicals are also available as trivalent and... 

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