Post-treatment protocol

A careful post-treatment protocol is mandatory after RFA. We usually perform a contrast-enhanced CT scan of the upper abdomen immediately after the procedure is completed. This is to rule out residual tumor tissue and reassure that complete coverage of the tumor is given by the ablation zone and of course to look for complications such as bleeding. The... 

ECASS-II was designed to test a lower dose of rt-PA (0.9 mg/kg) during the same 0-6-hours time period after stroke onset, using similar inclusion criteria as in ECASS-I. ° The primary endpoint was the proportion with a favorable outcome on the mRS scale (defined as a score of 0 or 1). There was no difference in this outcome between rt-PA-treated and placebo controls (40% vs. 37%, p = 0.28). A separate analysis of the 158 subjects enrolled within 3 hours of stroke onset also showed no difference in the proportion with a favorable outcome (42% vs. 38%, p = 0.63) this result, however, must be treated with caution because in ECASS-II there was a substantially lower number of patients treated within 3 hours of stroke onset, compared to the 1995 NINDS rt-PA study. Parenchymal hematoma on post-treatment CT was seen in 12% of rt-PA-treated and 3% of placebo patients (p < 0.001). The 90-day mortality rate was 11 % for the rt-PA group and 11 % for the placebo group (p = 0.54). Protocol violations were much less frequent in ECASS-II compared to ECASS-I (9% vs. 18%), probably because of standardized training in CT interpretation at the study sites. 

Mochel GTF, Rabier D. Diagnostic procedures functional tests and post-mortem protocol, in Saudubray JM, Van den Berghe G, Walter J, editors. Inborn metabolic diseases diagnosis and treatment. 5th ed. Berlin Springer 2012. 

To determine the impact on peel adhesion under conditions where the surface tension created by both corona and APT were the same, the protocols were repeated and are reported in Figure 7.6. This condition was established by reducing the power density of APT to 7 W/mymin to achieve the same post-treatment surface tension of 46 dynes/cm. 

The significance level relates to the risk of designating a chance occurrence as statistically significant. Usually a 5% level is utilized for testing treatment effects. If a p-value of 0.04 is reported for a treatment effect, this means that there is only a 4% chance that the difference in response between the active and control treatments occurred due to chance. Keep in mind, however, that if many tests are run in a trial, it is entirely possible that one or two might be significant due to chance. As an extreme example, consider a study in which 100 statistical tests are run. We would expect five of those tests to show significance with a p-value of 0.05 or less due to chance. Therefore, it is essential to specify the main tests to be run in the protocol. Any tests that are conducted after the trial has been completed should be clearly labeled as post hoc exploratory analyses. 

A post-printing treatment involving the following sequential rinsing protocol reduced these backgrounds to 200 relative intensity units ... 

These omissions will not cause bias only under some circumstances. In particular, subjects in each of the treatment groups should receive equal scrutiny for protocol violations and all such violators should be excluded, in relation to the first point. For the second and third points, the fact that patients do not take study medication or do not provide any post-baseline data should be unrelated to the treatments to which such subjects were assigned. Any potential bias arising from these exclusions should be fully investigated. 

Although ongoing trials may modify the following treatment algorithm, a possible role of combined PI and DWI as part of a multimodal MRI protocol in the near future for the selection of acute ischaemic stroke patient for thrombolysis is presented below. Indeed, many centres do use stroke MRI to select patients for thrombolysis beyond 3 h (Schellinger et al. 2003). At present, as the evidence is not conclusive, we prefer to randomise post-3-h patients to thrombolytic trials. 

Summary of Easy TCA basic protocol no pre-peel treatment, application of the solution until scattered pinpoint or cloudy white frosting appears, apphcation of the post-peel cream (tyrosinase inhihiting, anti-oxidant, stimulating). Repeat this process four times at weekly intervals. 

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation PIH may occur with abrasive treatments. The abrasive protocol includes preparing the skin with Blending Bleaching cream... 

After abrasion, the post-peel mask cream is applied, under occlusion, but without prior application of acid. This protocol is deeper than the previous one and is used in rejuvenation treatments and in the treatment of acne scars on the d colletage. 

Two cases of post inflammatory hyperpigmentation linked to the lack of post peel use of antityrosinase/antioxidant cream and sun protection. Treatment applied used Blending Bleaching cream and 2 Easy TCA peels without sandabrasion, using the base protocol . 

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