Positron emission tomography probes

M. Namavarl, J.R. Barrio, T. Toyokuni, S.S. Gambhir, S.R. Cherry, H.R. Herschman, M.E. Phelps, N. Satyamurthy, Synthesis of 8-[F-18]fluoroguanine derivatives In vivo probes for imaging gene expression with positron emission tomography, Nucl. Med. Biol. 27 (2000) 157-162. 

Most of the fluoro derivatives of proline described in the literature are fluorinated in the 4 position. 4-Fluoroprolines are able to mimic 4-hydroxyproline, present in some proteins and polypeptides. On the other hand, 4-fluorination could suppress oxidative metabolism or modified ring conformation of ligands.The labeled analogues may be used as probes in PET (positron emission tomography) for localization of tumors... 

Another important characteristic is that ion beams can produce a variety of the secondary particles/photons such as secondary ions/atoms, electrons, positrons. X-rays, gamma rays, and so on, which enable us to use ion beams as analytical probes. Ion beam analyses are characterized by the respectively detected secondary species, such as secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), sputtered neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS), electron spectroscopy, particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), nuclear reaction analyses (NRA), positron emission tomography (PET), and so on. 

Bromobenzothiazole has also been used as the electrophile in the Suzuki coupling reactions with a variety of structurally diverse boronic acids [36]. Among these examples, derivative 55, a positron emission tomography (PET) probe precursor was produced for the in vivo imaging of Alzheimer s disease. 

Recently, a great demand for fast chemical synthesis has emerged in the clinical field. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that produces a three-dimensional image or map of functional processes in the body. The common PET probes contain radionuclides such as F, and Rb, the lifetimes of which are very short,... 

The natural stable isotope of fluorine, fluorine-19 (19F), with a spin of one-half and a chemical shift range of around 300 ppm, is a sensitive and useful probe in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies. Fluorine substitution may be a very effective method for studying the fate of bioactive molecules. Since there are few natural fluorinated materials to create background signals, the analyses are freed from the complications often associated with proton NMR spectroscopy (65). An artificially prepared useful short-lived isotope, fluorine-18 (18F), decays by positron emission. Positron emission tomography (PET) is an especially useful non-invasive... 

Design and Development of Probes for In vivo Molecular and Functional Imaging of Cancer and Cancer Therapies by Positron Emission Tomography (PET)... 

Agdeppa, E.D., Kepe, V, Liu, J., Flores-Torres, S., Satyamurthy, N., Petrie, A., Cole, G.M., Small, G.W., Huang, S.C., and Barrio, J.R. (2001) Binding characteristics of radiofluorinated 6-dialkylamino-2-naphthyl-ethylidene derivatives as positron emission tomography imaging probes for beta-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer s disease, J Neu-rosci 21, RC189. 

Direct fluorination with dilute elemental [ F]p2 was used to prepare 8-[ F] fluoroguanine, a positron emission tomography (PET) scanning probe that was used... 

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