Porphyra tenera

The culture of edible seaweeds has a long tradition in the East. Particularly the red Porphyra tenera Kjelliman is the object of a large trade owing to a larger content of proteins, with a better balance of amino acids relevant to the human diet, than most other seaweeds. Certain marine... 

Takano, S., Nakanishi, A., Uemura, D., and Hirata, Y., Isolation and structure of a 334 nm UV-absorbing substance, porphyra-334 from the red alga Porphyra tenera Kjellman, Chem. Lett., 419, 1979. 

L. S. Mukai, J. S. Craigie, and R. G. Brown, Chemical composition and structure of the cell walls of the conchocelis and thallus phases of Porphyra tenera (Rhodophyceae), J. PhycoL, 17 (1981) 192-198. 

Vitamin B12 is synthesized only by bacteria and possibly some algae. There are no plant sources of the vitamin, and no plant enzymes are known to require vitamin B12 as a coenzyme. A number of reports have suggested that vitamin Bi2 occurs in some algae, but this maybe the result of bacterial contamination of the water in which they were grown. Nori, made from the edible seaweed Porphyra tenera, has been reported to contain biologically active cobalamin when it is fresh but, on drying, there is a considerable loss of the vitamin as a result of the formation of inactive corrinoids (Yamada et al., 1999). 

Yamada K, Yamada Y, Fukuda M, and Yamada S (1999) Bioavailability of dried asaku-sanori [Porphyra tenera) as a source of cobalamin (vitamin B12). International Journal ofvitamin and Nutrition Research 69,412-18. 

Katayama reported volatiles of some air-dried green marine algae at the early stages of gas chromatography (GC) development (3). In recent years, we have explored volatile compounds in fifty or more species of wet and undecomposed seaweeds in Japan green seaweeds Ulva pertusa. Monostroma nitidum, and Enteromorpha clathrata brown seaweeds Laminaria japonica and Undaria pinnatifida, and red seaweeds Porphyra tenera and Porphyra yezoensis by GC and GC-mass spectrometry (MS). 

UP Ulva pertusa, ES Entermoropha clathrata, LA Laminaria angustata var. longissima, U Laminaria japonica PT Porphyra tenera, PY Porphyra yezoensis. not detected, + detected, ++ major component... 

Noda, H., 1975. Studies on the flavor substances of Nori, the dried laver Porphyra tenera — I Dimethylsulfide and dimethyl-)3-propiothetin. Nikon suisan-gakkai shi, 41 481— 486 (as quoted in Oceanic Abstr., 13(1) 1976). 

Messerschmidt, A., Landenstein, R., Huber, R., Bolognesi, M., Avigliano, L., Petruzzelli, R., Rossi, A. and Finazzi Agro, A. 1992. Refined crystal structure of ascorbate oxidase at 1.9 A resolution. Journal of Molecular Biology 224, 179-205. Miki, K., Ezoe, T., Masui, A., Yoshisaka, T., Mimuro, M., Fujiwara-Arasaki, T. and Kasai, N, 1990, Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of C-phycocyanin from a red alga, Porphyra tenera. Journal of Biochemistry 108, 646-649. Molecular Probes. Handbook of fluorescent probes and research chemicals. 1992-1994. 

Okai, Y., Higashi-Okai, K., Yano, Y., and Otani, S. (1996). Identification of antimutagenic substances in an extract of edible red alga, Porphyra tenera (asadusa-nori). Cancer Lett. 100, 235-240. 

The importance of vitamins to plants themselves is often overlooked, but they play the essential roles in a plant metabolism too (Smith et ah, 2007). Some algal species require different combinations of certain vitamins such as vitamins B12 and Bi. Because the concentration of these vitamins in the natural environment is quite low, their absorption is insufficient (Croft et ah, 2006). According to Yamada et ah (1996a), red algae Porphyra tenera can take up the free (not protein-bounded) form of vitamin B12 from the incubation medium by concentration- and temperature-dependent processes. The amoimt of uptake increases with the time of incubation. 

Yamada, S., Sasa, M., Yamada, K., and Fukuda, M. (1996a). Release and uptake of vitamin B12 by asakusanori (Porphyra tenera) seaweed. /. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 42,507-515. 

Phycoerythrin and phycocyanin were extracted from dried Asakusa-nori (Porphyra tenera) and subjected to partition with an aqueous polymer phase system (Table 1) using the above standard countercurrent method. Fig. 4b shows the results of separation, where two components are well resolved. 

Kajiwaia T, Kashibe M, Matsui K, Hatanaka A (1990) Volatile ctnnpounds and long-chain aldehydes formation in conchocelis-filaments of a red alga, Porphyra tenera. Phytochemistry 29(7) 2193-2195... 

Teruhisha K (1957) Volatile constituents of seaweeds. Vtl. Flavor compontmts and other characteristics of Porphyra tenera. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi 22 244—247... 

Laminaria japonica Laminaria ochstensis Laminaria angustata Kjillmaniell gyrata Undaria pinnatfia Porphyra tenera Porphyra yezoensis... 

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