Pontine nuclei

Joseph disease) SCA6 pontine nucleus, cerebellar cortex Cerebellar and mild brain stem atrophy 4-18 21-30 VDCCa1Asubunit NI (memb)... 

DMPAG dorsomedial periaqueductal gray 41-55, 79-80 DMPn dorsomedial pontine nucleus 51... 

VPPn ventral peduncular pontine nucleus 51 VRe ventral reuniens thalamic nucleus 24-33, 80, 98-101 vsc ventral spinocerebellar tract 53-77, 83-85, 96-103 VTA ventral tegmental area 40-47, 80-82, 95-98 VTg ventral tegmental nucleus 53-55, 80, 99-100 vtgx ventral tegmental decussation 40-45, 79-81, 96, 98 VTM ventral tuberomammillary nucleus 35-38, 82, 90 VTRZ visual tegmental relay zone 40-42, 80, 98 VTT ventral tenia tecta 6-8, 80-81, 98-101... 

DP dorsal peduncular cortex 8-11, 79-81, 104-107 DpG deep gray layer of the superior colliculus 42-52, 80-83, 107-113 DPGi dorsal paragigantocellular nucleus 63-71, 80-81, 93-95 DpMe deep mesencephalic nucleus 40-52, 82-84, 101-106 DPO dorsal periolivary region 55-59, 83, 90 DPPn dorsal peduncular pontine nucleus 51 DpWh deep white layer of the superior colliculus 42-52, 80-81, 107-110... 

Mo5DL motor trigeminal nucleus, dorsolateral part 56-57 Mo5VM motor trigeminal nucleus, ventromedial part 56-57 Mol molecular layer of the dentate gyrus 35, 79, 87, 106 mp mammillary peduncle 39-43, 80-81, 94-95 MPA medial preoptic area 18-23, 80-81, 93-97 MPB medial parabrachial nucleus 54-60, 83-84, 99-101 MPBE medial parabrachial nucleus external part 56-57 MPn medial pontine nucleus 51 MPO medial preoptic nucleus 23-24, 80, 92-97 MPOC medial preoptic nucleus, central part 21-22, 80 MPOL medial preoptic nucleus, lateral part 18-22 MPOM medial preoptic nucleus, medial part 21-22 MPT medial pretectal nucleus 38-41, 80, 109-110 MRe mammillary recess of the 3rd ventricle 36-38, 79 MRVL medial rostroventrolateral medulla 67-68 MS medial septal nucleus 13-18, 79-80, 103-108 MSO medial superior olive 54-60, 90... 

NE Innervation Pattern and Receptor Distribution A significant modulatory input to the MOB is from the pontine nucleus, locus coeruleus (LC). In the rat, all LC neurons contain the neurotransmitter, norepinephrine (NE) LC contains the largest population of NE neurons in the brain. It has been estimated that up to 40% of LC neurons (400-600 of a total of 1,600 LC neurons) project to the bulb in the rat (Shipley et al., 1985). A subset of LC neurons projecting to MOB contain NPY (Bouna et al., 1994). NE fibers terminate in MOB with laminar specificity. LC axons project mainly to the subglomerular layers of the bulb, particularly the IPL and GCL (McLean et al., 1989). The EPL and MCL are moderately innervated, whereas the GL is nearly devoid of NE input. 

F/g. 9. The distribution of NR3A mRNA in the adult rat brain (X-ray film autoradiographs, coronal sections), am, amygdala cm, centromedial thalamic nucleus hy, hypothalamus Co, superior colliculus mg, medial geniculate nucleus pn, pontine nucleus pv, paraventricular thalamic nucleus rt, reticular thalamus. Scale bar, 1 mm (Ciabarra et al., 1995). 

Mower G, Gibson A, Glickstein M (1979) Tectopontine pathway in the cat Lamina distribution of cells of origin and visual properties of target cells in dorsolateral pontine nucleus. / Neurophysiol 42, 1-15. 

Shinoda Y, Sugiuchi Y. Futami T, Izawa R (1992) Axon collaterals of mossy fibers from the pontine nucleus in the cerebellar dentate nucleus. J. Neurophysiol., 67, 547-560. 

Fig. 13. Diagrammatic representation of the efferent connections of the ventral mesencephalon. C-P, nucleus caudatus-putamen Ac, nucleus accumbens Am, amygdala VM, ventromedial nucleus of thalamus HL, lateral habenular nucleus SNc, substantia nigra (pars compacta) SNr, substantia nigra (pars reticulata) AVT, ventral tegmental area of Tsai SC, superior colliculus NRa dorsal raph nucleus LC, locus coeruleus TPC, pedunculo pontine nucleus. (From Beckstead et al., 1979, with kind permission of the authors.)...

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