Polythiophene Nanocomposites

Chen et al. reported the synthesis of sulfur/polythiophene composites with core/shell structure through an in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization method for LIB cathode. Using a low viscosity electrolyte of 1,3-dioxolane (DOL)/dimethoxy ethane (DME), the composite with 72 wt% of sulfur was cycled at a current density of 100 mA/g and retained 74% of its initial capacity (1120mAh/g) after 80 cycles [47]. Polythiophene (PTh) coated with ultrathin MnO nanosheets was synthesized through one-step aqueous/ organic interfacial method for LIB anode application. The as-synthesized MnOj-polythiophene nanocomposite delivered a reversible capacity of 720 rnAh/g and retained 500 mAh/g after 100 cycles at a high current density of 500 mA/g [48]. 

LiFePOypolythiophene composites were also synthesized by in-situ polymerizing thiophene monomers on the surface of LiFePO particles to improve the electronic conductivity and electrochemical properties of LiFePO for LIB cathode application. The as-prepared composites showed 

LiVjOg/polythiophene (LiVjOg/PTh) composite was synthesized via an in-situ oxidative polymerization method as cathode material for LIB. The LiVjOg/PTh composite exhibited much better electrochemical performance than bare LiV Og. The composite with 15 wt% LiV Og showed initial discharge capacities of 213.3 and 200.3 mAh/g with almost no capacity retention after 50 cycles at current densities of 300 and 900 mA/g, respectively [50]. 

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A. M. Rais, Doped polythiophene nanocomposite casting composition, useful in e.g. inkjet printing, screen printing and solution casting, comprises conductive polythiophene, dopant, organic hinder, crosslinker, carhon nano-tuhes, and chemical diluents. World Patent, WO2013133688-A1, 2013. 

Alvi F, Basnayaka PA, Ram MK, Gomez H, Stefanako E, Goswami Y et al (2011) Graphene-polythiophene nanocomposite as novel supercapacitor electrode material. J New Mater Electrochem Syst 15 89-95... 

Alvi F, Ram MK, Basnayaka P, Stefanakos E, Goswami Y, Hoff A et al (2011) Electrochemical supercapacitors based on graphene-conducting polythiophenes nanocomposite. ECS Trans 35 167-174... 

Intercalation of electroactive polymers such as polyaniline and polypyrrole in mica-type layered silicates leads to metal-insulator nanocomposites. The conductivity of these nanocomposites in the form of films is highly anisotropic, with the in-plane conductivity 10 to 10 times higher than the conductivity in the direction perpendicular to the film. Conductive polymer/oxide bronze nanocomposites have been prepared by intercalating polythiophene in V2O5 layered phase, which is analogous to clays. °° Studies of these composites are expected not only to provide a fundamental understanding of the conduction mechanism in the polymers, but also to lead to diverse electrical and optical properties. 

PEDOT has been synthesized via the micellar route with sodium dodecyl sulfate and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid.109110 It has been obtained with particle diameters of 35 to 100 nm and conductivities on the order of 50 S cm-1. Nanocomposites containing polythiophene and poly(A-vinylcarbazole) have been formed with average... 

Polythiophene derivates are polymers of great interest, widely used in organic electronics. Thus, the utilization of polythiophene nanofibers could open the path to the development of nanostructured organic electronics with a high surface area for a range of applications. El-Aufy, in his PhD thesis, studied poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)/ poly(styrenesulfonate) PEDOT/PSS nanofibers and nanocomposites using PAN as a... 

M. G. Kanatzidis, C-G. Wu, H. O. Marcy, D. C. DeGroot, and C. R. Kannewurf, Conductive polymer/oxide bronze nanocomposites. Intercalated polythiophene in V2O5 xerogels, Chem. Mater., 2, 222-224 (1990). 

N. Hebestreit, J. Hofmann, U. Rammelt, and W. Plieth, Physical and electrochemical characterization of nanocomposites formed from polythiophene and titanium dioxide, Electrochim. Acta, 48, 1779-1788 (2003). 

Keywords Thermoelectric power, Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity electrical conductivity power factor, figure of merit, intrinsically conducting polymers, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, nanoparticles, graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), hybrids, nanocomposites... 

In this chapter, CNM-based nanocomposites prepared with various ECPs such as polyanihne, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyacetylene, and their derivatives were discussed. The syntheses and characterizations of such nanocomposites were discussed in brief The technological development... 

An alternative to in situ polymerization involves direct intercalation of macromolecules into layered structures. Silicates are most often used. The insertion of polymer molecules into layered host lattices is of interest from different points of view. First, this insertion process leads to the construction of organic-inorganic polylayered composites. Second, the intercalation physical chemistry by itself and the role intercalation plays in the gain of electronic conductivity are of interest. This becomes important in the construction of reversible electrodes " or when improving the physicomechanical properties of nylon-layered silicate nanocomposites, hybrid epoxide clay composites," and nanomaterials based on hectorite and polyaniline, polythiophene or polypyrrole. ... 

Kanatzidis, Wu C.G., Marcy H.O., DeGroot D.C. and Kannewurf C.R. (1990) "Conductive polymer/oxide bronze nanocomposites.lntercalated polythiophene in V2O5 xerogels" Chem. Mater. 2, 222-24. 

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