Polysaccharides Carbohydrates that chitin

Neither of the two earlier reviews on the infrared spectroscopy of carbohydrates " dealt with the uses of plane-polarized radiation. This is, no doubt, attributable to the fact that both reviews were principally concerned with crystalline sugars, for which few such spectra are available. However, the polarized infrared spectra of such polysaccharides as cellulose, chitin, and xylans, in the form of oriented films, have been measured " and have provided information that other techniques could not give. It is, therefore, desirable that a brief discussion should be here provided of both the experimental and the interpretational aspects (see p. 28) for a detailed discussion, the reader is referred elsewhere. The commonest method of obtaining polarized infrared radiation is with a transmission polarizer (rather than a reflection polarizer). Selenium film and silver chloride sheet have both been used of these, the latter is the more popular because it is the more robust. A stack of about six sheets, each about 50-100 m thick, is... 

In the present work, we extend the method to compensate for the hydrogen bonds present in carbohydrates. The hydroxylated character of carbohydrate polymers influences between-chain interactions through networks of hydrogen bonds that occur during crystallization. Frequently, several possible attractive interactions exist that lead to different packing arrangements, and several allomorphic crystalline forms have been observed for polysaccharides such as cellulose, chitin, mannan and amylose. The situation is even more complex when water or other guest molecules are present in the crystalline domains. Another complication is that polysaccharide polymorphism includes different helix shapes as well. 

Glycoside hydrolases (glycosidases) are essential and consequently widely abundant enzymes in all living systems that rely on the processing of carbohydrates. From the degradation of such polysaccharides as starch, cellulose, or chitin to the highly... 

There are many new and iimovative fibres/yams, fobrics and textile finishes that offer antimicrobial characteristics, and now there is evidence that some also have odour suppiession/adsorption characteristics. Polysaccharide fibres such as chitin/chitosan and alginate plus some novel carbohydrate polymers (e.g. Brattan ferulate) all with the potential of odour adsorptive charactenstics. 

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