Polypyrroles, properties sensing

Because of its physical properties, polypyrrole has been cited as a unique building block for intelligent polymeric materials, ie, it has characteristics which make it capable of sensing, information processing, and response actuation (48). 

Conducting polymers such as polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, etc. have been actively studied for use in various fields due to their interesting properties batteries,46 electrochromic displays,47 materials for supercapacitors,48 corrosion protection,49 protecting layers for static electricity,50 materials for organic electroluminescence displays,51 sensing materials,52 etc. Polypyrrole is reported to be extremely rigid, with a semi-crystalline structure. 

Nguyen Van, C. and K. Potje-Kamloth (2001). Electrical and NOj gas sensing properties of metallophthalocyanine-doped polypyrrole/sUicon heterojunctions. Thin Solid Films 392, 113-121. 

R. Cabala, V. Meister, K. PotjeKamloth, Effect of competitive doping on sensing properties of polypyrrole, Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1997, 93. 

Buchler MG, Ryan MA (1997) Temperature and humidity dependence of a polymer-based gas sensor. Proc SPIE 3082 40-48. http //enose.jpl.nasa.gov/publications/sensors/97-0482.pdf Cabala R, Meister V, Potje-Kamloth K (1997) Effect of composite doping on sensing properties of polypyrrole. J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 93 131-137... 

Nalwa HS (ed) (1996) Handbook of organic conductive molecules and polymers, vol 2 and 3. WUey, New York, NY Nalwa HS (ed) (1997) Handbook of organic conductive molecules and polymers, vol 4. Wiley, New York, NY Nguyen VC, Potje-Kamloth K (1999) Electrical and chemical sensing properties of doped polypyrrole/gold Schottky barrier diodes. Thin Solid Films 338 142-148... 

Li S, Guo ZP, Wang CY, Wallace GG, Liu HK (2013c) Flexible cellulose based polypyrrole-multiwalled carbon nanombe films for bio-compatible zinc batteries activated by simulated body fluids. J Mater Chem A 1(45) 14300-14305 Li W, He D, Bai J (2013d) The influence of nano/micro hybrid structure on the mechanical and self-sensing properties of carbon nanombe-microparticle reinforced epoxy matrix composite. Compos A Appl Sci Manuf 54 28-36... 

Chiarelli P, Della Santa A, De Rossi D, Mazzoldi A (1995) Actuation properties of electrochera-ically driven polypyrrole free-standing films. J InteU Mater Syst Struct 6 32-37 Cordova FG, Ismail YA, Martinez JG, A1 Harrasi AS, Otero TF (2013) Conducting polymers are simultaneous sensing actuators. In Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol 8687... 

The parameters affecting the formation of important CEPs, such as polypyrroles, polyanilines and polythiophenes are discussed. How these parameters can be used to manipulate the chemical, physical and mechanical properties of fhese polymers is then revealed. We attempt to clarify the chemical and energy parameters that determine the structure and, hence, the chemical, electrical and mechanical properties of fhese fascinating structures. We present some examples wherein the ability to manipulate the structure and properties of conducfing polymers is used fo produce materials with useful sensing, processing and acfuafing properties. 

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