Polyolefins, additives

Many of the promising features noticed by Freitag and John [96], Nielson [90] and Jassie et al. [454] have further been developed by Marcato and Vianello [210,461], who have described a unique total concept for in-polyolefin additive analysis based on MAE-HPLC-ELSD/UV. In this procedure Montell has aimed at setting up a total solution scheme for different... 

RPLC-ELSD has been used for analysis of polyolefin additives [678], Improvements in sensitivity by use of narrow-bore columns were reported. MAE-RPLC-ELSD/UV (273 nm) has been proposed as a universal one-step and/or two-step procedure for the analysis of additives in polyolefins (Section 3.4.5.1), with the reference mixture of standard additives for... 

Liquid Chromatography Procedure for Polyolefin Additives, WAPP-100, Waters, Milford, MA (1978). 

A variety of 17 polyolefin additives (Tinuvin 328/P, Irganox 1010/1076/1330/3114, Irgafos 168, Isonox 129, Cyasorb UV531, MD 1024, BHT, BEHB, Lowinox 44B25, Succonox 16/18, Naugard 445, erucamide) were... 

Waters Corp., Polyolefin Additives Determination with UV and Mass Detection, (Integrity System Publications), Waters Corp., Milford, MA (n.d.)... 

Babinsky R, GastrockF. Polyolefin additives amidst rapid change, suppliers seek to sell value. SPE Polyolefins 2006, conference proceedings. Society of Plastics Engineers 2006. 

Italmatch introduces low-halogen flame retardant for polyolefins. Addit Polym [trade journal—Elsevier] Febmary 2007. 

Zhu S-H, et al. Effect of a polydimethylsiloxane-modified polyolefin additive on the extrusion of LLDPE. ANTEC 2007, conference proceedings. Society of Plastics Engineers 2007. 

Seip, S.D. Thompson, S.E. Townsend, E.B. Polyolefin additive packages for producing articles with enhanced stain resistance, U.S. Patent 6,777,470, August 17, 2004. 

Synergism in the stabilizing effect of polyolefin additives is understood as the case of the polyolefin testing when the induction time of oxidation is longer than simple algebraic sum of induction times for each component used at corresponding concentrations separately. Antagonism is then the case of an opposite effect. 

The book addresses the most important biopolymer classes like polysaccharides, lignin, proteins and polyhydroxyalkanoates as raw materials for bio-based plastics, as well as materials derived from bio-based monomers like lipids, poly(lactic acid), polyesters, polyamides and polyolefines. Additional chapters on general topics - the market and availability of renewable raw materials, the importance of bio-based content and the issue of biodegradability - will provide important information related to all bio-based polymer classes. 

Zhu, S.-H. McManus, N. T. Tzoganakis, C. Penlidis, A., Effect of a Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Modified Polyolefin Additive on the Processing and Surface Properties of LLDPE. Polym. Eng. Sci. 2007,47,1309-1316. 

Alqemia is the new name for a group of companies involved with masterbatch production and additives. It was set up by the Israeli company Kafrit Industries following its pmchase of Constab Additive Polymers (UK) Ltd., Constab Polyolefin Additives GmbH and Areton International Plastics (UK) in late 2003. Alqemia has manufacturing operations in Israel, Germany and the UK. 

Nielson, Richard C. (1991) Extraction and Quantitation of Polyolefin Additives, Journal of Liquid Chromatography, M2ircel Dekker, Inc. 14(3), 503-519. 

Spatafore, R. and McDermott, L. (1991) Near-IR reflectance analysis quantifies polyolefin additives. Plastics Compounding, September/October 1991, pp. 68-71. 

Johnson, B., Blong, T., Kunde, J., Duchesne, D. (1988) Factors Affecting the Interaction of Polyolefin Additives with Fluorocarbon Elastomer Polymer Processing Aids. TAPPI1988 PEC Conference. 

Mid-IR spectroscopy can detect a high percentage of polyolefin additives by direct transmission measurement of films in a test taking less than 10 minutes i.e. considerably less than extrac-tion/chromatography) [85]. Multicomponent quantitative analysis of polyolefin formulations requires extensive work in preparation of standards, calibration and maintenance. Due to interferences from... 

For polyolefins, additives may be added to the resin before being transported to the product manufactorers. The additives are blended with polyolefin resins in the palletization stage of production. However, some product manufactorers may prefer resin without additives so they can blend their own proprietary chemicals to the resin. 

The number of nucleation sites can be increased by use of nucleation agents that not only shortens the crystallization time but also causes the elevation of the effective temperature of nonisothermal crystallization during cooling, especially in polyolefins. Addition of 0.2-0.5 wt% of bis(3,4-dimethylbenzylidene) sorbitol to iPP increased its crystallization peak temperature by approximately 18°C [40]. Polymer molecular weight, polymorphism, and application of pressure are other factors that affect nucleation and growth and, hence, the overall crystallization kinetics. 

The influence of copolymer structure on the compati-bilizing effectiveness has been extensively examined for several blends of polyolefins. Addition of graft (PS-g-LDPE) and block copolymers for the compatibilization of LDPE/PS blends has been reported by various authors, resulting in large improvement of interfacial adhesion and mechanical properties [88,89]. Ethylene-propylene copolymers (EP) with block and random distribution of units have been used as compatibilizers for blends of PP with HDPE, LDPE, and LLDPE [90,91], and EPDM-g-PP copolymers were successfully employed for the compatibilization of EP/PP blends [92]. 

Uses Internal lubricant for PVC compatibilizer in PVC antifogging fonnulations antistat, flow modifier, dispersant in polyolefins additive to styrenics direct food additive... 

EFFECT OF A POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE -MODIFIED POLYOLEFIN ADDITIVE ON THE EXTRUSION OF LLDPE... 

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